1. Warm Up
If men were angels, no government would be necessary.
Respond.

2. Interstate Relations Full Faith and Credit Clause
State courts must enforce civil judgements from other state’s courts
Interstate Privileges and Immunities
States must extend to citizens of other states the privileges and immunities granted to their own citizens

3. Interstate Relations Extradition
No state should be a safe haven for fugitives of another state
Interstate Compacts
Agreements between two or more states
Most need to be approved by Congress
What kind of things would need to be agreed upon?

4. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
What was the issue in this court case?
What was the ruling?
What clauses did Chief Justice Marshall cite?
How did this court case save the Union?

5. Key Points
Confirmed the rights of Congress to utilize implied powers to carry out its expressed powers.
Validated the supremacy of the national government over the states by declaring that states cannot interfere with or tax legitimate activities of the federal government.

6. Nullification and the Civil War
What is nullification?
What was so important about the Dred Scott decision?
How did the Civil War refute the doctrine of nullification?

7. Gibbons V. Ogden (1824)
Ogden had a monopoly on a ferry system and Gibbons started a new company
New York said Ogden should have a monopoly and Gibbons took it to the SC
Question: Can Congress have the exclusive right to regulate interstate commerce?

8. Key Points
Strengthened the power of the federal government to regulate interstate commerce
Established the commerce clause’s role as a key vehicle for the expansion of federal power

9. Expanding Federal Power
How has the Commerce Clause expanded the power of the federal government?
1964 Civil Rights Act
Congress forbade discrimination in public places on the basis of its power to regulate interstate commerce

10. Civil Rights Why is civil rights going to be an issue of federalism?
1954 – Brown v. Board of Ed, SC says school segregation was unconstitutional
What did the president have to do to enforce this decision?
How is this similar to slavery?

11. Dual Federalism
Where the federal and state government remain supreme within their own spheres
What does this look like?
“Layer cake” federalism
This system characterized the governments until the New Deal in the 1930s

12. Cooperative Federalism
The national and state governments work together to complete projects
What does this look like?
“Marble cake” federalism
There is a blurred distinction between the levels of government

13. Federalist 51
In Paragraph 2, 6, 9, and 10: take a few minutes, reread them and come up with a summary of that paragraph.

14. Critical Thinking
Give 2 reasons why Madison is a supporter of the Constitution.
What is essential to the “preservation of liberty?” How should this “be so constituted?”
Explain the following:
“A dependence upon the people is, no doubt, the primary control on the government; but experience has taught mankind the necessity of auxiliary precautions.”
In a republican government, which branch is the strongest? Identify three ways of “remedying this inconveniency.”

15. Paragraph 2 Summary Each branch should be independent.
Branches shouldn’t be a part of the appointment of other branches.
Authority comes from the people.
We may need to do this with the judges though.

16. Paragraph 4 Summary We need government.
The government needs to control the people and THEN control itself.

17. Paragraph 6 Summary The Legislative Branch is more powerful.
So it needs to be divided into 2 separate houses.
The Executive Branch is weaker, but that’s okay.
Because it may be abused. (Monarchy)

18. Paragraph 9 Summary
In America, we separate our government and then separate it again.
This way we are doubly sure that the government controlled each other and will be controlled by itself.

19. https://youtu.be/5FQ_Y2FUa6Q
Paragraph 10 Summary
In America, our society will be broken into so many parts that there really can’t be a majority.
We cannot have factions.
Tyranny of any kind, by a minority or majority, is bad.

20. Interpreting Federalist 51
Why does Madison fear “a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department” of government?
How can government, as Madison claims, be “the greatest of all reflections on human nature”?
How does “the multiplicity of interests” in American society protest the rights of its citizens?
Is Madison arguing that the federal government should be as accountable to any given minority as to the majority?

21. Evaluating Federalist 51
Is Madison’s opinion of the role of self-interest in the conduct of one’s life realistic? Why or why not?
Do you believe the controls against the abuse of power by a single government have been effective?
Does the federal government equally serve majority and minority interests today? Why or why not?
Is there a role for states anymore? Why or why not?

22. Reading for Friday Read p. 72-79 Blue Headings
Government Revenues and Intergovernmental Relations
Devolution
***Vocabulary Quiz beginning of class on Friday
Week 2 Vocabulary and Notes Due

23. Tutorials Do you want to do tutorials?
If there is interest, we can do them.