1. The Vietnam War

2. Overview Keep communism from spreading.
3 million soldiers sent, 60,000 killed, 304,000 wounded
$150 billion
Divided a country for years

3. Ho Chi Minh wanted communism to come to Vietnam.
Created a league for independence: Vietminh
Began a guerilla war vs. Japan

5. Ho Chi Minh

6. U.S. Intervention Truman would not recognize Ho’s state.
Backed French at retaking the country. ($15 Million)
Began paying for France’s war: 80%, would send no troops
Eisenhower feared a domino effect

7. Fall of Dien Bien Phu Defeat of the French (1954)

8. U.S. refuse to allow the Vietnamese to have a country wide vote.
Supported Ngo Dinh Diem for control.
He was more repressive than Minh.

10. Buddhist Protest against Diem government 1963

12. Revolutionary Groups
Vietminh: North
Vietcong: South

13. U.S. Response Kennedy Ok’s overthrow of Diem
Diem finally surrenders, and is murdered
16,000 “advisors” in the country by 1963
Johnson escalates conflict much further

14. Duong Van Minh coup 1963

15. Nguyen Cao Ky military dictatorship 1965

18. War Escalates Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964):
President can reply as he sees fit
By 1965 there are 100,000 troops in Vietnam
Johnson orders bombing of North Vietnam
By 1967, 500,000 troops

20. Major Problem Who the heck is the enemy? p.738
U.S. is losing war, Johnson sends in more troops, and more machines
Cannot find the V.C.
Win the hearts of the countryside, guerrillas will have nowhere to hide

21. By 1967; 3 million refugees in S.V. Search and destroy missions
“We had to destroy the town in order to save it.”
Napalm and Agent Orange

22. War Protests at home

23. Protest in many different ways:
Marches
Protest rallies
Protest songs by popular artists
Violent eruptions
Civil disobedience

25. Robert F. Kennedy

26. Hubert H. Humphrey

27. Campaign of 1968

28. Kent State Massacre (5/4/70)

32. Allison Krause 350 feet away shot through the arm and chest
                                    
Allison Krause 350 feet away shot through the arm and chest
Jeff Miller 275 feet away shot through the head
Sandy Scheuer 400 feet away shot through the throat
Bill Schroeder 400 feet away shot in the back

34. Results of protests 200,000 accused of draft dodging
4,000 sent to prison
Thousands of people injured or killed
No change in Johnson’s policy

35. Tet Offensive (1968) V.C. launch a major attack on a cease fire day.
Attack 100 cities at once
Shocks U.S. civilians and leaders
In Hue, 2,000 civilians murdered
By now Johnson’s ratings: 35%

36. US Marines retake Hue Tet Offensive

43. The End of the War Johnson does not run in ’68
Due to total loss of backing
Decides to finally negotiate a ceasefire
Nixon wins election
Begins withdrawing troops (60,000)

44. Nixon favors Vietnamization
Peace with honor
By 1972, only 25,000 troops were left
1/27/73 first settlement reached
4/30/75 Saigon falls

46. Vietnam Today

47. Memories of Vietnam