1. Adjectives

2. What is an adjective?
An adjective is a word or phrase that modifies or describes a noun
Adjectives in Latin must match the noun they describe in case, number, and gender

3. 1st and 2nd declension adjectives
1st/2nd declension adjectives have three different forms: magnus, magna, magnum
Magnus vir
Magna femina
Magnum bellum

4. 1st declension adjective+noun
Singular
Plural
Nominative
Magna puella
Magnae puellae
Genitive
Magnarum puellarum
Dative
Magnis puellis
Accusative
Magnam puellam
Magnas puellas
Ablative
Magnā puellā
Vocative

5. Pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum
WORD
DEFINITION
DERIVATIVE
Amicus, amica, amicum
Ferus, fera, ferum
Inimicus, -a, -um
Magnus, -a, -um
Malus, -a, -um
Miser, misera, miserum
Multus, -a, -um
Pauci, paucae, pauca
Pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum
Fuga, -ae (f.)
Periculum, -i (n.)
Aedifico, -are, -avi, -atus
sed
friendly
Wild, savage
Unfriendly, hostile
Great, large
Bad, evil, wicked
Unhappy, poor
Much (sing.); many
few
Beautiful
Flight, escape
Danger
To build
but

6. Pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum
WORD
DEFINITION
DERIVATIVE
Amicus, amica, amicum
Ferus, fera, ferum
Inimicus, -a, -um
Magnus, -a, -um
Malus, -a, -um
Miser, misera, miserum
Multus, -a, -um
Pauci, paucae, pauca
Pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum
Fuga, -ae (f.)
Periculum, -i (n.)
Aedifico, -are, -avi, -atus
sed
friendly
Wild, savage
Unfriendly, hostile
Great, large
Bad, evil, wicked
Unhappy, poor
Much (sing.); many
few
Beautiful
Flight, escape
Danger
To build
but

7. Use the adjective “pulcher” to describe the following nouns, then translate the phrase: 1.Patriam 2. agris 3. poetae 4. feminarum 5. puellae 6. pueri 7. legate 8. auxilium 9. agricolas 10. bella ID the case/number of the following feminine adjectives. Then, change the adjectives to masculine and neuter adjectives, keeping the same case/number (all possibilities): 1. Malae 2. pulchras 3. inimicarum 4. misera 5. paucis 6. magnam 7. multā Decline (full chart): 1. The unfriendly war 2. the great escape 3. The wild farmer

8. Uses of Adjectives
Attributive adjectives provide extra detail about the noun it modifies- the sentence would still make sense without the adjective
Agricola miser ambulat in magnam villam.
The unhappy farmer walks into the big farmhouse.

9. Uses of Adjectives
Predicative adjectives (usually with some form of sum) make a statement about the noun- without the adjective, the sentence wouldn’t make sense
Agricola est miser.
The farmer is unhappy.

10. Uses of adjectives
Substantive adjectives have no noun to modify, but is standing in place of a noun. It is translated according to its gender and number
Sometimes in English: “Only the good die young”
Malus: an evil man
Mala: an evil woman
Malum: an evil thing

11. 1. Poetae sunt (miser). 2. Cum puellā (pulcher) ambulat. 3
1. Poetae sunt (miser). 2. Cum puellā (pulcher) ambulat. 3. Dea feminas spectat sed (malus) non amat. 4. (Multus) in Africā fere habitant. 5. E (magnus) oppido ambulat. 6. (Multus) amicae auxilium portant. 7. Pericula (pauci) sunt. 8. (Miser) agricolae villa non (magnus) est.

12. The hostile sailors are wickedly seizing the poor farmer’s farmhouse.
Where do you live with your friendly family?
The messenger’s beautiful daughter greatly loves the friend of the great envoy.
The wretched boy is walking unhappily out of the large town into the wild woods.
Many people live in farmhouses in the town, but few people savagely live in the woods.

13. An adjective is _______________.
An adverb is _______________.
If a noun is feminine, the adjective describing it must use ______ endings, like magn_ femina
If a noun is masculine, the adjective describing it must use _____ endings, like magn__ nuntius or magn__ nauta
If a noun is neuter, the adjective describing it must use _____ endings, like magn__ bellum
An _________ adjective adds extra detail to a sentence, but without the adjective would still make sense
A ________ adjective makes a statement about a noun; usually seen with ____ or _____
A ________ adjective stands alone, without a specific noun to describe, like the old song “Only the ____ die young”
To create an adverb, add ___ to the ___, like fer_

14. Ferus pulchra miser Amicus fuga malus Magnus inimicus periculum Multus pauci aedifico