1. DBMS with probabilistic model
Probabilities and uncertainty taken seriously as foundation for the database model – not an add-on
old idea but never taken seriously
e.g. Fuhr’s Probabilistic Datalog
Probabilistic retrieval model, probabilistic schema, uncertain queries, learning, appropriate data structures, etc.

2. IR queries for DBMS Not the same as NL queries work done in 80s
Take a NL query, apply it to a DBMS, determine what type of answer can be provided
may be fact-type answer (QA)
may be ranked tuples (IR)
Useful for distributed, heterogeneous search
e.g. Hidden Web
should not require wrappers