1. The control of basin evolution on patterns of sedimentation and diagenesis: an example from the Mississippian Great Orme, North Wales
by A. Juerges, C. E. Hollis, J. Marshall, and S. Crowley
Journal of the Geological Society
Volume 173(3):
May 3, 2016
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

2. (a) Mississippian palaeogeography for the UK and (b) palaeogeography of the NE Wales–East Irish Sea area (Asbian–Brigantian) (both maps modified from Fraser & Gawthorpe 1990; Davies et al. 2004).
(a) Mississippian palaeogeography for the UK and (b) palaeogeography of the NE Wales–East Irish Sea area (Asbian–Brigantian) (both maps modified from Fraser & Gawthorpe 1990; Davies et al. 2004). Black box indicates area of study and black arrow points to the Great Orme headland. ISB, Irish Sea Basin; NWP, North Wales Platform; BB, Bowland Basin; EG, Edale Gulf; PB, Pennine Basin; WG, Widmerpool Gulf.
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

3. Summary map of NE Wales and Liverpool Bay (after Williams & Eaton 1993) showing exposed Mississippian carbonate sediments, hydrocarbon fields and faults.
Summary map of NE Wales and Liverpool Bay (after Williams & Eaton 1993) showing exposed Mississippian carbonate sediments, hydrocarbon fields and faults. BF, Berw Fault; DF, Dinorwic Fault; ADF, Aberdinlle Fault; Df, Dulas Fault; AVF, Alyn Valley Fault; N-NFZ, Nercwys Nant-figillt; GEF, Great Ewloe Fault.
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

4. (a) Schematic palaeogeography across the North Wales Platform and (b) stratigraphic log for the Great Orme (modified from Waters & Davies 2006).
(a) Schematic palaeogeography across the North Wales Platform and (b) stratigraphic log for the Great Orme (modified from Waters & Davies 2006). Dot indicates location of Great Orme.
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

5. Location maps displaying the (a) the main study localities on the North Wales Platform and (b) sampling positions and the locations of sedimentary logs on the Great Orme.
Location maps displaying the (a) the main study localities on the North Wales Platform and (b) sampling positions and the locations of sedimentary logs on the Great Orme. Be, Berw Fault; D, Dinorwic Fault; AD, Aberdinlle Fault; CV, Clwyd Valley Fault (modified from Warren et al )‏
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

6. Composite stratigraphic diagram for NE Wales, Mississippian (Asbian–Brigantian; modified from Warren et al. 1984; Davies et al. 2004; Waters & Davies 2006).
Composite stratigraphic diagram for NE Wales, Mississippian (Asbian–Brigantian; modified from Warren et al. 1984; Davies et al. 2004; Waters & Davies 2006). Boxes with bold outlines and stars indicate key outcrops from this study. Map of North Wales displays the distribution of Mississippian platform carbonates (grey scale).
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

7. Photograph of the Great Orme with the main sedimentary cycle boundaries depicted by curved lines (yellow) and a schematic composite log (locations shown in Fig. 4b).
Photograph of the Great Orme with the main sedimentary cycle boundaries depicted by curved lines (yellow) and a schematic composite log (locations shown in Fig. 4b). Not to scale. Diagonal line (green) indicates one log transect. M = lime mudstone, W = wackestone, P = packstone and G = grainstone, F = floatstone, R = rudstone, B = boundstone and C = cementstone.
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

8. Examples of facies within the Great Orme Limestone, Great Orme.
Examples of facies within the Great Orme Limestone, Great Orme. (a) Algal build-up, upper boundary defined by dashed line. Yellow arrow indicates ripples and black arrows show lamination in underlying beds. (b) Skeletal oolitic grainstone sand bars (defined by arrows) within Great Orme Limestone. (c) Yellow palaeosol and (d) solution pit (base marked with dashed yellow line), filled with pebble-grade, angular clasts of Great Orme Limestone.
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

9. Summary photomicrographs of the main facies types observed on the Great Orme.
Summary photomicrographs of the main facies types observed on the Great Orme. (a) Interlocking matrix-replacive and fracture-hosted dolomite, Pier Dolomite Formation; C, crinoid fragment; D1–D3, interpreted dolomite phases. (b) Skeletal packstone, Tollhouse Mudstone Formation; Cp, chalcopyrite. (c, d) Packstone–grainstones, Great Orme Limestone Formation. (e) Bioclastic grainstone, top of Great Orme Limestone Formation; O, ooid; FC, fringing cement. (f) Medium-grained sandstone with calcite and dolomite intergranular cement, Craig Rofft Sandstone Member, taken with crossed polars. (g) Skeletal wackestone–packstone with burrows (B), Bishops Quarry Formation, taken with crossed polars. (h) Mudstone with fractures (F) and foraminifera (Fm), Summit Limestone Formation, taken with crossed polars.
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

10. Summary of the cycles observed on the North Wales Platform that show overall upward-shallowing, regressive trends.
Summary of the cycles observed on the North Wales Platform that show overall upward-shallowing, regressive trends. Example from the Great Orme (i.e. platform margin), Summit Limestone Formation. Height of the outcrop c. 2 m.
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

11. Photomicrographs of the early diagenetic features (a) Fibrous marine calcite cements (arrow) within a north–south-oriented microfracture, Great Orme Limestone Formation, crossed polars.
Photomicrographs of the early diagenetic features (a) Fibrous marine calcite cements (arrow) within a north–south-oriented microfracture, Great Orme Limestone Formation, crossed polars. (b) Bioclastic grainstone displaying interparticle calcite cementation (arrow) and syntaxial overgrowths (SO) precipitated before compaction of the grains, Great Orme Limestone Formation. (c) Interparticle meteoric–shallow burial calcite cement (C1–C3), seeded on a crinoid fragment that has later been neomorphosed, Great Orme Limestone Formation, CL. (d) Syntaxial calcite cement (SO) overprinting a crinoid fragment (CF), Great Orme Limestone Formation, crossed polars. (e) Outcrop photograph displaying mimetic replacement of crinoid and echinoid allochems by D1–D3 dolomite, Pier Dolomite Formation. (f) Fabric-retentive, matrix-replacive D0–D1, Pier Dolomite Formation.
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

12. Photomicrographs of the late diagenetic features, cements and mineralization.
Photomicrographs of the late diagenetic features, cements and mineralization. (a) Chalcopyrite (CP) within a calcite-cemented (C12–C14) fracture hosted within dolomitized limestone, Pier Dolomite Formation. (b) Late meteoric calcite in secondary dolomite porosity; MC, meteoric calcite (C16–C19?); D1–D2, interpreted dolomite phases, CL. (c, d) M, mineralization (chalcopyrite and quartz; arrows); C, clays. Plane-polarized light and corresponding CL image, Great Orme Limestone Formation. (e, f) RC, replacive calcite (C9); D6, late fracture-controlled dolomite, Great Orme Limestone Formation strike-slip fault. Plane-polarized light and corresponding CL image. (g, h) MC, meteoric cement with vadose textures (laminated late fracture fill). Plane-polarized light and corresponding crossed-polars image, Great Orme Limestone Formation.
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

13. Photomicrographs of post-dolomite, late burial and telogenetic meteoric cements.
Photomicrographs of post-dolomite, late burial and telogenetic meteoric cements. (a) C15 calcite cement, Pier Dolomite Formation. (b) C15 calcite cement after dolomite dissolution, CL, Tollhouse Mudstone Formation. (c) Non-luminescent cementing and replacive calcite (C19) on the margins of saddle dolomite (D3?); dissolution of dolomite followed by calcite cementation.
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

14. Stable isotope data for whole-rock limestone, replacive dolomite and pore-filling calcite and dolomite cements within the Pier Dolomite and Great Orme Limestone Formation, Great Orme.
Stable isotope data for whole-rock limestone, replacive dolomite and pore-filling calcite and dolomite cements within the Pier Dolomite and Great Orme Limestone Formation, Great Orme. Visean primary marine calcite from Bruckschen et al. (1999) and Hendry et al. (2014).
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

15. Summary of palaeoenvironments and environmental evolution for the outcropping Asbian and Brigantian strata based on field and petrographical observation from the Great Orme; EISB, East Irish Sea Basin.
Summary of palaeoenvironments and environmental evolution for the outcropping Asbian and Brigantian strata based on field and petrographical observation from the Great Orme; EISB, East Irish Sea Basin. The bold black boxes represent the positions of key locations within the North Wales palaeogeography and relate to the corresponding idealized upward-shallowing cycles at these locations.
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏

16. Summary paragenesis for the Great Orme and the North Wales Platform plotted against (a) the burial curve for the East Irish Sea Basin (Hardman et al. 1993; Newman 1999; Floodpage et al. 2001) and (b) North Wales Platform (burial curve modified from Al-Fadel 1983).
Summary paragenesis for the Great Orme and the North Wales Platform plotted against (a) the burial curve for the East Irish Sea Basin (Hardman et al. 1993; Newman 1999; Floodpage et al. 2001) and (b) North Wales Platform (burial curve modified from Al-Fadel 1983). Major tectonic events are indicated by pale grey from the Late Carboniferous, Jurassic and Late Cretaceous onwards.
A. Juerges et al. Journal of the Geological Society 2016;173:
© 2016 The Author(s)‏