1. Providing Equal Educational Opportunity
Chapter 12
Providing Equal Educational Opportunity
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2. Segregation History 1700s–1860s
Slavery and oppression before Civil War
1877–1950s
Segregation enforced through “Jim Crow” laws
1954–early 1960s
1954 Brown v Board of Education ruling outlawed segregated schools, but most resisted integrating.
1960s–1990s
Court-ordered and voluntary desegregation progress
1990s–2000s
Many cities ceased or slowed desegregation efforts.
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3. Key Compensatory Education Services
Parental Involvement and Support
Early Childhood Education
Reading, Language, & Math Instruction
Bilingual Education
Guidance, Counseling, Vocational Services
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4. Key Compensatory Education Services (Cont’d)
Dropout Prevention
Teacher Training
After-School Programs
Computers
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5. Assimilationism Cultural Pluralism
Focuses on developing a single American identity
Discourages or forbids students’ use of native languages
Discourages or forbids cultural customs or learning styles that do not fit American ideal
Curriculum emphasizes western European cultural heritage
Cultural Pluralism
Encourages diverse cultural identities
Bilingual education is often an option
Accommodates diverse learning styles and appreciates contributions of diverse cultural customs
Curriculum recognizes diverse cultural heritage
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6. Elements of Multicultural Education
Accommodates Diverse Learning Styles
Accepts Dialect Differences
Accommodates Language Differences
Includes Multiethnic Curriculum and Instruction
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7. Key Elements of Special Education
Evaluation and placement based on a variety of criteria
Individualized Education Plan (IEP)
Optimal Learning Environment
Mainstreaming
Inclusion
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