1. Smart Cities - concept, solutions and international comparisons
eksoc.uni.lodz.pl
Smart Cities - concept, solutions and international comparisons
Ewa Stawasz
Justyna Wieloch

2. Introduction Let’s think about cities in the world…
Do we globally have more urban or rural population?
What are the global trends?
Do they differ depending on developed and developing countries?
Why?

3. World tendencies
In less than 55 years the share of urban population in the total global population increased from 34% (in 1960) to 54% (in 2014).
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) global urban population is expected to grow (YOY) approximately by:
1,84% between 2015 and 2020;
1,63% between 2020 and 2025;
1,44% between 2025 and 2030;
This trend is applicable for both, developed and developing countries.
To make a long story short: people would give up the farm for good, and become mostly urban species.

4. Global and rural population comparison by the level of countries development in 2000 and 2014 (bn)

5. Place and role of cities in human’s life
Why cities are so attractive?
What is the role of the city in people’s life?
What are the functions of modern city?
What expectations should it meet?
Do you live in the city?
Why?
Thinking above it appears we need a city to be smart!

6. Smart city
General working group of Chinese national smart cities standardization (SAC):
smart city is a new concept and a new model, which applies the new generation of information technologies, such as the internet of things, cloud computing, big data and space/geographical information integration, to facilitate the planning, construction, management and smart services of cities. It accentuates that developing smart cities can benefit synchronized development, industrialization, informationization, urbanization and agricultural modernization and sustainability of cities development (ISO 2015). It is aimed at the public services convenience, clever city management, comfortable standards of living, adequate infrastructure responding to inhabitants needs and network security efficiency.

7. Smart city The British Standards Institution:
effective integration of physical, digital and human systems in the built environment to deliver a sustainable, prosperous and inclusive future for its citizens.
ITU-T Focus Group analyzed over a hundred definitions off the smart city and on that basis created their own one:
smart sustainable city is an innovative city that uses information and communication technologies (ICTs) and other means to improve quality of life, efficiency of urban operation and services, and competitiveness, while ensuring that it meets the needs of present and future generations with respect to economic, social and environmental aspects.

8. Smart city ISO TMB Smart Cities Strategic Advisory Group:
smart city is one that (…) dramatically increases the pace at which it improves its social economic and environmental (sustainability) outcomes, responding to challenges such as climate change, rapid population growth, and political and economic instability (…)by fundamentally improving how it engages society, how it applies collaborative leadership methods, how it works across disciplines and city systems, and how it uses data information and modern technologies (…) in order to provide better services and quality of life to those in and involved with the city (residents, businesses, visitors), now and for the foreseeable future, without unfair disadvantage of others or degradation of the natural environment.

9. Smart cities – take a closer look and acquaint with rankings

10. Smart city – let’s have a look
General information:

11. In which areas a city can be smart
In which areas a city can be smart? European Smart City Model – TUWIEN: components 11
Source: Smart cities. Ranking of European medium-sized cities.

12. Source: Smart cities. Ranking of European medium-sized cities.11

13. Source: Smart cities. Ranking of European medium-sized cities.11

14. Source: Smart cities. Ranking of European medium-sized cities.11

15. Smart environment Attractivity of natural conditions Pollution
Sunshine hours
Green space share
Pollution
Summer smog (Ozon)
Particulate matter
Fatal chronic lower respiratory diseases per inhabitant
Environmental protection
Individual efforts on protecting nature
Opinion on nature protection
Sustainable resource management
Efficient use of electricity (use per GDP)

16. Smart living Cultural facilities Health conditions Individual safety
Cinema attendance per inhabitant
Museums visits per inhabitant
Theatre attendance per inhabitant
Health conditions
Life expectancy
Hospital beds per inhabitant
Doctors per inhabitant
Satisfaction with the quality of health system
Individual safety
Crime rate
Death rate by assault
Satisfaction with personal safety

17. Smart living Housing quality Education facilities
Share of housing fulfilling minimal standards
Average living area per inhabitant
Satisfaction with personal housing situation
Education facilities
Students per inhabitant
Satisfaction with access to educational system
Satisfaction with quality of educational system
Touristic attractivity
Importance as tourist location (overnights, sights)
Overnights per year per resident
Social cohesion
Perception on personal risk of poverty
Poverty rate

18. Smart city – see how convenient in can be!

19. Cities in Motion Index
79 indicators across 10 different dimensions of urban life:
HUMAN CAPITAL
SOCIAL COHESION
ECONOMY
PUBLIC MANAGEMENT
GOVERNANCE
ENVIRONMENT
MOBILITY AND TRANSPORTATION
URBAN PLANNING
INTERNATIONAL OUTREACH
TECHNOLOGY

20. 180 key world cities considered
Source: IESE Cities in Motion Index 2017.

21. City ranking – top 10 New York-USA London-UK Paris-France Boston-USA
San Francisco-USA
Washington, D.C.-USA
Seoul-South Korea
Tokyo-Japan
Berlin-Germany
Amsterdam-Netherlands

23. Top 10 by dimension
Source: IESE Cities in Motion Index 2017.

24. Top 10 by dimension
Source: IESE Cities in Motion Index 2017.

25. Regional rankings: Western Europe
Source: IESE Cities in Motion Index 2017.

26. Regional rankings: Eastern Europe
Source: IESE Cities in Motion Index 2017.

27. Regional rankings: Latin America
Source: IESE Cities in Motion Index 2017.

28. Regional rankings: Asia-Pacific
Source: IESE Cities in Motion Index 2017.

29. Comparison With Other Indexes
Source: IESE Cities in Motion Index 2017.

30. Smart cities – some examples
Beijing:
Warsaw:
Fujisawa:
San Jose, CA:
San Diego:
Masdar

31. Ranking – top 20
Source:

32. Smart cities – some statistics 11