1. 10/1/2018 Materials pen/pencil notebook
AGENDA
Atomic structure
Scale
10/1/2018 Materials pen/pencil notebook
Objective: Today we will investigate the atomic structure of an atom.

2. heh
BAHHHHHH
HI CLASS!!!
By Brian Park
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3. Make an educated guess about this image

4. Answer the following questions from the image on the previous page
1. Come up with at least 3 educated guesses on what you think the image is.
2. Write down at least 3 questions you have about this image
3. Do you think we can research it, investigate it, or can’t answer it? Explain your answer.
4. How do you think this is related to chemistry?

6. Essential Questions: What is the basic structure of atoms?
How is an atom’s mass calculated?
Which subatomic particles are electrically charged? .

7. Essential Questions:
4. Where are the three main subatomic particles located?
5. How do protons determine an atom’s identity?

8. Atoms Electrons Negatively charged subatomic particle
Located outside the nucleus.
Does not contribute to the atom’s mass.
1 Electron = 1/2000 atomic mass unit (amu)
In a neutral atom the number of protons and electrons are equal.
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9. Atoms Protons Positively Charged subatomic particles
Located inside the nucleus
Contributes to the atomic mass
Number is equal to electrons in a neutral atom
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10. Neutrons Neutrally charged subatomic particle.
Located inside the nucleus
Also contributes to the atomic mass (protons + neutrons)
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11. Atoms
Periodic Table
This table shows all the different atoms there are on Earth.
It’s called the Periodic Table of Elements.
Remember, an atom is the basic unit of a chemical element.
Let’s take a closer look at one atom(element).
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12. N 7 Face Partner -Atoms Nitrogen 14.007
1. The element’s (atom’s) name. Nitrogen 2. The symbol for nitrogen. (N) 3. The number of protons (7), which is also referred to as the atomic number. 4. The atomic mass (14.007). (protons + neutrons = atomic mass) 5. How can we determine the number of neutrons in nitrogen? Hint: atomic mass (14) – atomic number (7)= neutrons
What can we tell about this atom (element) from the PT? N 7
14.007
Nitrogen
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13. Shoulder Partner– Atom Practice
Grab a partner and let’s practice. Do the math!
Element (atom)
Protons
Neutrons
Mass
Carbon ? 6 12
Beryllium 4 5 10
Magnesium 24
Make up 4 problems of your own asking for the element name, #of protons, neutrons and electrons.
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14. Check for Understanding
Can you…
Describe the sturcture of atoms, including the masses, electrical charges, and locations of protons, neutrons and electrons?
Identify an element by its number of protons?
Clear up any confusion and answer questions.
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15. Periodic Table Vocabulary
Group – A vertical column in the periodic table of the elements. Elements in a group have similar properties.
Period – A horizontal row in the periodic table of the elements. Elements in a period have varying properties.
Reactive – Likely to undergo a chemical change
Metal – An element that tends to be shiny, easily shaped, and a good conductor of electricity and heat
Nonmetal – An element that is not a metal and has properties generally opposite those of a metal.

16. Vocab Cont.
Metalloid – An element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Radioactivity – The process by which the nucleus of an atom of an element releases energy and particles
Isotope – A form of a chemical element that differs in the number of neutrons in the nucleus. It is the same element, just with a different atomic mass.
Half-life – The amount of time it takes for half of the nuclei of a radioactive isotope to decay into atoms of another element

17. The Periodic Table Periodic
Occurring or Recurring at Regular Intervals
Elements are Arranged in Many Ways on the Periodic Table
Similar Properties
Reactivity
Atomic Size
Density
Etc…

18. The Periodic Table…Continued
Size of Atoms
Decreases from LEFT to RIGHT and Increases from TOP to BOTTOM
Largest: Cesium
Smallest: Helium
Density
Increases from TOP to BOTTOM
Increases from the OUTSIDE INWARD
Hydrogen: g/cm3
Osmium: g/cm3

19. Periodic Table-Rotation-Watch it!
#2- What does the Atomic # represent on the periodic table?
#3-Which part of the atom allows one atom to react with another one?
#4- What is true about elements that are in the same column (group/family)?

20. Alkali Metals Groups and Periods
Very reactive metals that do not occur freely in nature
Malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity, solids at room temperature
Have low densities and low melting points
Softer than most other metals
Can explode if they are exposed to water
Used to produce chemicals, metals, soap, glass, ceramics, and petroleum products

21. Alkaline Earth Metals Groups and Periods Metals
Very Reactive (give up 2 electrons during reactions)
Never found free in nature
Groups and Periods

22. Transition Metals Groups and Periods
ductile and malleable, and conduct electricity and heat
iron, cobalt, and nickel, are the only elements known to produce a magnetic field
Used in jewelry, industry (copper, steel, iron), technology, light bulbs, and in the food we eat
Less reactive than most metals

23. Groups and Periods Other Metals are ductile and malleable
are solid, have a relatively high density, and are opaque

24. Groups and Periods Metalloids
Have properties of both metals and non-metals
Appearance will vary
Some of the metalloids, such as silicon and germanium, are semi-conductors. This means that they can carry an electrical charge under special conditions. This property makes metalloids useful in computers and calculators.
Conduct better than nonmetals but not as well as metals
NOTE: any element above 92 is too unstable to occur in nature and must be done in a lab, scientist were able to predict existence of elements (neon and germanium before they were even discovered

25. Groups and Periods Nonmetals Metals
not able to conduct electricity or heat very well
exist in two of the three states of matter at room temperature: gases (such as oxygen) and solids (such as carbon).
very brittle, and cannot be rolled into wires or pounded into sheets
have no metallic luster, and do not reflect light.

26. Groups and Periods Halogens exists in all three states
halogen" means "salt-former" and compounds containing halogens are called "salts"
Very reactive nonmetals that form salts when combined with many metals
Very reactive; often bond with elements from group one.
Used to kill harmful micro-organisms in hospitals, to purify drinking water, and prevent growth of algae in swimming pools.
exists in all three states
Solid- Iodine, Astatine
Liquid- Bromine
Gas- Fluorine, Chlorine
Groups and Periods

27. Groups and Periods Noble Gases Exist as gases, non-metals
8 electrons on outer shell= full
Not reactive with other elements.
Groups and Periods

28. Groups and Periods Rare Earth Metals
The Rare Earth Metals are typically silver, silvery-white, or gray metals.
Good conductors of electricity
2 Subgroups
Lanthanide Series: many forms, some with magnetic properties
Actinide Series
All are radioactive
Groups and Periods