1. War in the Pacific

2. After Pearl Harbor
The day after Pearl Harbor, FDR asked Congress to declare war on Japan (12/8/41)
Within hours, Congress passed a war resolution
On December 11th, Germany and Italy declared war on the U.S.

3. Japan Advances
: Japan advances on the Pacific

4. US Turns the Tide Island Hopping Campaign
Recaptured Japanese held islands south of Japan
U.S. works their way north towards Japan

5. B-29 Superfortress Development of a new plane.
3,250 mile combat range
How could the invention of the B-29 bomber, a new plane that could fly 3,250 miles roundtrip, help the U.S. in the Pacific War against Japan?

6. Iwo Jima March 1945 670 miles from Tokyo U.S. Japan 7,000 killed
19,000 wounded
Japan
21,800 killed
200 POW

8. Okinawa June 1945 400 miles from Tokyo U.S. Japan 19,000 killed
38,000 wounded
Japan
100,000 soldiers killed
150,000 civilians killed
7,000 POW

10. Iwo Jima and Okinawa
The U.S. victories over Japanese forces at Iwo Jima and Okinawa in 1945 are considered important for two reasons.
U.S. can bomb Japan and have a safe landing site
No islands stand in the way of the U.S. to invade Japan

11. Key Sea Battles Coral Sea 1942-stopped Japanese expansion
Midway crippled Japanese Fleet—Turning point

12. Fire-bombing of Japan
Once the U.S. had Iwo Jima and Okinawa, B-29’s immediately began to bomb mainland Japan.

13. Timeline June 6, 1944 – D-Day Feb. 1945 – Battle of Iwo Jima
April 1945 – Battle of Okinawa
May 8, 1945 – V-E Day
Summer 1945 – Atomic Bomb Developed
August 6, 1945 – Bombing of Hiroshima
August 14, 1945 – V-J Day

14. Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

15. The Bombing Final stages of WWII in 1945- V-E declared May 8, 1945
U.S. decided to use their new weapon – the atomic bomb
Bombing of Hiroshima: Aug. 6, 1945
Bombing of Nagasaki: Aug. 9, 1945

16. Atomic Cafe Watch the first 10 minutes of the documentary
Answer these questions in your journal
What tests were done to prepare the military for using the atomic bomb?
What is the impact of the atomic bomb on Japan?
Why did they choose Hiroshima & Nagasaki?

17. Hiroshima Before

18. Hiroshima After

19. Inverted Blast “Shadows”

20. Aftermath Within 4 months: 90,000-166,000 people died
½ the deaths happened on the first day
Many more deaths in the years later
Six days after Nagasaki, Japan announced their surrender
Because the U.S. gave no warning or opportunity for the Japanese to surrender, the ethics of America’s decision to use the bomb is still much-debated

21. The Bombing: US has to make decision: Use a new weapons (atomic bomb) OR Invade mainland Japan
Your job:
Step 1: In small groups divide sources into two categories
Arguments SUPPORTING dropping the bombs
Arguments AGAINST dropping the bombs
Step 2: As you divide them up, create a list that explains the major reasons FOR and AGAINST (in your own words)
Put source # down next to summary.
Step 3: As a group come to a decision & be prepared to discuss-Should the US have dropped the atomic bombs on Japan?

22. Reasons For Fewer Americans died Fewer Japanese civilians died
All nations in WWII killed civilians
Japanese were not innocent
There would have been a Soviet occupation
The bombings ended the war

23. Reasons Against Japanese civilians died
Radiation is more horrible than conventional bombs
The US wanted to kill as many civilians as possible
The bombings had nothing to do with Japan; they were about the Cold War
Japan was already losing
Fire bombing of Tokyo was already killing more people than the atomic bombs