1. Inflammation Regardless of the cause, the response is similar
Inflammation Regardless of the cause, the response is similar. *vasodialation *accumulation of leukocytes *reduced bloodflow *poss widespread tissue damage

2. Steroidal: block the action of the enzyme phospholipase Nonsteroidal: block the action of the enzyme cyclooxygenase Antihistamines: counteract the action of histamines

3. Steroidal: corticosteroids are hormones produced by the adrenal cortex
Steroidal: corticosteroids are hormones produced by the adrenal cortex. Glucocorticoids: anti inflammatory properties mineralcorticoids: help maintain sodium and water

4. Cushing’s Disease overproduction of glucocorticoids

5. Addison’s Disease: underproduction of glucocorticoids

6. NSAIDS

8. Salicylates: inhibitor of prostaglandins analgesic, antipyretic, anti inflammatory, reducer of platelet aggregation use with caution in cats

10. Propionic acid derivatives the “fen” group eg: ipuprofen, ketoprofen, carprofen

12. Flunixin meglumine: Banamine, Finadyne
Flunixin meglumine: Banamine, Finadyne *primarily used for large animals for musculoskeletal and colic pain. Used with extreme caution in small animals

13. Dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO. well known for ability to penetrate the skin
Dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO *well known for ability to penetrate the skin. *serves as a carrier for other drugs *inactivates superoxide radicals produced by inflammation

14. Use caution (and gloves) when applying…it will give the patient and the person applying it a garlic taste in the mouth

15. Misc Drugs Indol acetic acid derivative: etodolac (EtoGesic) inhibits cyclooxygenase 2 and has once a day dosing

16. Newer NSAIDs are now developed to be more specific by targeting cox-2 without interfering with cox-1

17. Used for postoperative orthopedic associated pain and inflammation

18. Inhibits cox-2 and leukocyte infiltration
Inhibits cox-2 and leukocyte infiltration. Also has antipyretic abilities. NOT to be used in pregnant or lactating animals

19. Other treatments Glucosaminoglycans
Other treatments Glucosaminoglycans. (Glycoproteins): form the extracellular matrix of connective tissue like cartilage.

20. Plays a role in maint of cartilage structure and function.

21. Antihistamines.

22. Mast cell tumor. Histamine causes bronchoconstriction and inflammatory changes when released from mast cells

24. Immunomodulators. Adjustment of the immune response to a desired level

25. Cyclosporine suppresses T-lymphocyte activity and is one of the most effective immunosuppressants
Atopica is used to treat atopic dermatitis in canines

26. Pain relievers. Drugs that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness selection based on effectiveness, duration of action, duration of therapy, routes of administration