1. Gerunds

2. Gerunds and infinitives can function as: NOUNS (subjects, objects, subject complements) As subjects, they take a singular verb. Only Gerunds can be object of the preposition.

3. To form gerunds, use the base form + ing (don’t’ forget the rules for spelling of ing form of verbs) I enjoy learning English To form negative gerunds, use not + gerund Not speaking English well is my biggest problem in this country.

4. Gerunds used as subject of the sentence.
Dancing is fun.

5. Gerunds used as objects
He enjoys working with children.

6. Verbs that take only Gerunds
Appreciate
Avoid
Delay
Deny
Discuss
Dislike
Enjoy
Excuse
Finish
understand
Keep
Mention
Mind
Miss
Postpone
Quit
Recall
Recommend
Resent
suggest

7. Gerunds used as object of the preposition
I am thinking about taking the children to Mexico.

8. Common preposition combinations followed by gerunds
Be excited about, complain about, talk about, think about, worry about
Apologize for, blame for, famous for
Believe in, interested in, succeed in
Take care of, instead of, be accused of
Insist on, count on, concentrate on
Keep from, prevent from, profit from
In addition to, look forward to, be used to

9. By + gerund You get good grades by studying hard
By + gerund You get good grades by studying hard. go + gerund Recreational activities: camping, dancing, sightseeing, swimming, skiing, fishing, jogging, I will go fishing with you tomorrow.

10. Some expressions are used with gerunds
Be busy, can’t help, have fun,
it’s no use, it’s not worth

11. Gerunds can occur in the perfect form but not in the progressive form having done It is used to indicate that the activity is in the past We appreciate having heard her sing.

12. A gerund can be used in the passive form I dislike being told a lie.

13. The End!