1. The Progressive Movement 1890-1920
U.S. History

2. Origins of Progressivism
The attempt to reform society in a variety of areas in order to correct the injustices in American life with the assistance of government personnel by the creation of laws.

3. 4 Main Goals of Progressivism
Four Goals
Protect Social Welfare
Provide opportunities for underprivileged people
Salvation Army, YMCA, Florence Kelley
Promote Moral Improvement
The attempt to improve personal behavior
Prohibition
The banning of alcoholic beverages

4. 4 Goals Continued Create Economic Reform Foster Efficiency
Attempt to create a more competitive market
Economic reformers felt big businesses received favorable treatment from government officials
Foster Efficiency
Make society and the workplace more efficient
Scientific management helped improved the quickness of a task being perform (i.e. the assembly line)

5. Reforming Elections Initiative Referendum Recall 17th Amendment
A bill originated by the people by petition
Referendum
Votes on the initiative
Recall
Gives voters the right to remove public officials if enough voters ask for it.
17th Amendment
Before this, each State’s legislature chose the Senators
This Amendment made it so the people decide

6. Women Rights

7. Women in the Work Force
Women worked in industry, farming, and maid jobs.
The dangerous conditions and low wages lead women to start to push for reform in the work place.
Many women joined moral reform movements as well.

8. Reform for Women
One of the biggest fights for Women rights was the right to vote, also known as suffrage.
Susan B. Anthony was a leading proponent of Women's Rights.
Education for Women
Only certain colleges let women in at first.
This allowed women to find their own jobs rather than rely on marriage, or having to work at blue collar jobs

9. 3 Part Strategy for Suffrage
Try to convince state legislatures to grant women the right to vote.
Test out the 14th Amendment by going out to vote (“Citizen”)
Pushed for a national constitutional amendment to grant women the right to vote.
Eventually the 19th amendment passes and it grants women the right to vote.

10. Teddy Roosevelt’s Role in the Progressive Era

11. Roosevelt’s Rise Teddy
Roosevelt enters the Presidency after McKinley is assassinated.
Bully Pulpit
Roosevelt's use of the presidency to influence the media and shape legislation
Square Deal
A program set up to help out middle class citizens by controlling corporations, and at the same time protecting against extreme organized labor.

12. Teddy’s use of Federal Power
Breaking up Trust
Roosevelt started to file law suits under the Sherman Antitrust Act.
Coal Strike
Forced the labor and owners to make a deal so that coal reserves would not run out
Railroad Regulation
The government stopped rebates and other forms of bribery

13. Health and Environment
Meat Inspection Act
Required strict cleanliness in meatpacking plants and the right to investigate the meat
Pure Food and Drug Act
Could not sell contaminated food
Called for accurate food labels

14. Health and Environment Continued
Forests were being destroyed, rivers were being polluted poising streams and creating unhealthy living conditions
Teddy Roosevelt helped start a conservation movement to help preserve the environment, while still allowing some part of the land to be used for the common good

15. William Howard Taft and Progressivism

16. Taft Not So Progressive
Taft thought the government should be less involved in business and the economy.
Went against progressive movements and consolidated government power
Less conservative with land. He permitted the sale of reserved lands to business interests.

17. Republic Party Splits Two sides
Progressives who sought change vs. conservatives who did not
Progressive broke apart and started their own party. ‘The Bull Moose Party’
Lead by Teddy Roosevelt

18. TAFT vs. Roosevelt Presidential power Taft wins republican nominee
Believed that powers had to stay within what the constitution said and also believed anything outside of that was dangerous.
Roosevelt
Felt he was a steward of the people and as President had to do what was necessary for the people even if it meant acting outside the lines of the constitution
Taft wins republican nominee

19. Democrats Win 1912 Election
Lead by Woodrow Wilson
The campaign turned ugly as candidates started to publically state negative things about their opponents
With the republicans fighting against another, Wilson wins the election.

20. Woodrow Wilson’s Role in Progressivism

21. Wilson against the TRUSTS
“Without the watchful resolute interference of the government, there can be no fair play between individuals and such powerful institutions as the trusts. Freedom today is something more than being let alone.”
-Woodrow Wilson

22. Antitrust Legislations
Clayton Antitrust Act
Prohibited corporations from obtaining stock from other corporations if it would lead to a monopoly.
Federal Trade Commission
Had the power to investigate possible violations in an attempt to put an end to unfair business practice.

23. A New Tax System Federal Income Tax Created because tariffs were cut
Passage of the 16th amendment allowed the government to tax people’s income
Government realized they were generating more revenue from this than they were from tariffs.

24. Limits of Progressivism
Civil Rights
Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson put civil rights issues for African Americans low on the priority list.
Wilson lies
Although during the campaign he promised to speak out against lynching and the promotion of equal treatment, segregation actually increased during Wilson’s era as president

25. Limits continued
Wilson appointed segregationists in charge of many federal agencies which furthered America from resolving any racial tensions.

26. Problems African-Americans Faced
Racism, segregation in public places, prohibited from political process, and little access to quality health care, education, and housing
Eventually the reporting of segregation acts against African-Americans lead to a national initiative

27. Important Reformers Booker T Washington W.E.B. Du Bois
Did not want to fight, instead wanted to use education and knowledge to work with white Americans
W.E.B. Du Bois
Disagreed with Washington and felt African-Americans should consistently fight for equality

28. Organizations National Association of Colored Women
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
National Urban League
These organizations helped lead to stronger African-American communities
Quality health care, housing and educational services