1. Nathaniel Hawthorne
“Young Goodman Brown”

2. Nathaniel Hawthorne 1804-1864 Born in Salem, Massachusetts
Puritan Background
Ancestor of John Hathorne – one of the three judges in the Salem Witch Trials

3. Family Fun
His great-great-grandfather, William Hathorne, ordered the whipping of Anne Coleman and four others in the streets of Salem.
His great-grandfather, John Hathorne, was the magistrate presiding over the trial of the accused witches of Salem (1692).

4. Hawthorne’s Background
Began writing after college at Bowdion College in Maine
Spent many years in seclusion – starving artist
Held many jobs including writer, publisher, working at a custom house, and consul in England

5. More Background Married Sophie Peabody in 1825
Was friends with Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Herman Melville, and President Franklin Pierce

6. His Themes in Writing Moral allegories The sinful man Hypocrisy
The Dark side of Human Nature
Religious in Nature

7. His Most Famous Works Novels Short Stories The House of Seven Gables
The Scarlet Letter
Short Stories
“The Minister’s Black Veil”
“Young Goodman Brown”

8. Who were the Puritans? Wanted a “pure” church
No candles
No Images
No stained glass windows
Rejected the “showy” church of England
Led very somber lives governed solely by a strict interpretation of the Bible
No “nonsense” – dancing, gambling, drama, etc

9. Basic Beliefs of the Puritan Church
Jesus Christ is the Son of God – died on the cross for all everyone’s sins
The whole Bible is the word of God and it is to be followed to the letter.
The belief that these ideas are fact are known as a person’s faith

10. Basic Beliefs of the Puritan Church
Faith is what is necessary to get into heaven.
If you don’t go to heaven you go to hell.
Sins, as defined by the Bible, are to be avoided or cut out of life
A catechism is a book that is used to teach basic principles of the church

11. Puritanism
Puritanism is the religious reform movement of the 16th and 17th centuries seeking to purify the Church of England
Characterized by earnest, intense moral and religious principles such as the necessary covenant relationship with God, the emphasis on preaching and the Holy Spirit’s dominance over reason as the instrument of salvation
America: a Holy Commonwealth and a covenanted community

12. The Infamous Puritans
The Salem Witch Trials put the Puritans prominently in the history books
Arthur Miller’s play The Crucible put it in Literature classes forever

13. Hawthorne’s Purpose
-Puritans, religious beliefs/hypocrisies of the time period
-Revealing the flaws of society (Gothic/romantic literature)
-In this case specifically flaws in religion (puritans)
The darkness in each of us

14. And Now, Nathanial Hawthorn’s Short Story “Young Goodman Brown”

15. Some Basics… Characters Young Goodman Brown His wife, Faith
Mysterious man in the forest with a strange looking staff

16. Some Basics… Minor Character’s Notes…
Constable: person in law enforcement
Deacon: position in church held by congregation member
Goody: abbr. of “goodwife”, female version of goodman
Reverend: pastor
Sabbath: day of rest in the Judo/Christian church – in this case, Sunday

17. YGB as an Allegory What is an allegory?
A story where everything is a symbol
Used commonly to instruct especially in religious matters
Some famous allegories are:
Dante’s Divine Comedy (more famous though is the first part commonly known as Dante’s Inferno
John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress

18. The Allegory of Young Goodman Brown – Basics
The Snake Satan – The Devil
Why?
See Genesis Chapter 3

19. The Allegory of Young Goodman Brown - Basics
The Forest
Evil / Sin

20. The Allegory of Young Goodman Brown – Basics
Stars / Sky / Heavenly Bodies
Heaven / Connection with God

21. The Allegory of Young Goodman Brown - Basics
White Purity
Red Sin
Pink ????

22. The Allegory of Young Goodman Brown - Basics
Fire
Hell

23. The Allegory of Young Goodman Brown – now, not basic
The common Christian man – brown is neutral
Faith
A Christian’s faith
Witches
Satan / Evil

24. One Last Thing for Tomorrow…
Another literary term feather for your literary term cap…
Imagery: words and phrases that re-create vivid sensory experiences for the reader. Usually imagery is visual, but often it is written to the senses of smell, hearing, taste, and touch