1. TYPES of LANDFORMS Plains : large flat land areas
Plateaus : elevated flat land areas
Mountains : high elevated landmass

3. Plains
Coastal Plains
Interior Plains

4. Plateaus

5. Mountains

6. Folded Mountains

7. Upwarped Mountains

8. Black Hills of South Dakota

10. Fault-Block Mountains

11. Grand Tetons of Wyoming

12. Volcanic Mountains

13. Mount Shasta

14. Mount St. Helens

15. Latitude Lines Run East and West
Help locate places North and South of the Equator
Also called PARALLELS since all lines are parallel to each other

16. Important Latitude Lines
0 degrees is the Equator
23 ½ degrees north is the
tropic of cancer
23 ½ degrees south is the
tropic of capricorn
66 ½ degrees north is the
artic circle
66 ½ degrees south is the
antarctic circle
90 degrees north is the north pole
90 degrees south is the south pole

17. North Pole

18. South Pole

19. How were the lines of Latitude determined ?

24. Run north and south Help locate place that are east and west of the prime meridian Also called meridians and intersect at the poles
Longitude
Lines

25. Prime Meridian 0 degrees Longitude Starting point for
measuring longitude
Runs through
Greenwich, England

27. The Royal Observatory Greenwich, England

28. International Date Line
This is where the day
officially begins and ends.
It is the 180th meridian.
East meets West.

29. How were the lines of Longitude determined ?

30. How is your time of day determined ?

31. United States Time Zones

32. Types of Map Projections
Mercator : Latitude lines are parallel
Longitude lines are parallel
Used for surface navigation
Polar : Latitude lines appear as circles
Used to study the polar regions
Conic : Shows detailed information of small
areas EX. Road & Weather Map

33. Mercator Projection

34. Polar Projection

35. Conic Map Projection

36. Topographic Maps Show elevation by using contour lines
Show landscape features such as mountains, hills, lakes, and rivers
Show cultural features such as roads, bridges, and important buildings

39. Rules of Contour Lines They join points of equal elevation
They never cross
They are close together when there is a hill or steep slope
They form a “V” whenever crossing a stream or river that points upstream

40. Hachures : lines drawn on the inside of a contour line that indicate a depression
Contour interval : how much the elevation changes between 2 adjacent contour lines
Relief : how much change in elevation an area has Ex. High or rugged – mountains ; large contour interval
Ex. Low or gentle – plain/flat land ; small contour interval