1. Intro to Cells & Prokaryotic cells
Unit 3 – The Cell

2. Review
What is a cell?
A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.
One of the characteristics of life is being made up of units called cells.
Organisms may be:
Unicellular: made of 1 cell
Multicellular: made of many specialized cells

3. Who saw them first?
Robert Hooke in 1665, was the first person to use the word "cell" to identify microscopic structures when he was describing cork.

4. Background Anton Van Leeuwenhoek :
Father of Microbiology, created the first microscope.
Matthias Schleiden ( 1830’s)
All plants are composed of cells.
Theodor Schwann (1831)
All animals are made of cells.
Rudolf Virchow (1858)
Found that every cell comes from a pre-existing cell.

5. Cell Theory
1. All organism are made up of cells 2. A cell is the structural and functional unit of organs and ultimately, organisms. 3. Cells are capable of self – reproduction and cells come only from pre-existing cells

6. Cell Types
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
No Nucleus
Nucleus

7. Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic similarities
Vesicles
DNA present
Ribosomes
Vacuole
Cell wall
Cytoplasm
Plasma membrane
Vesicles
DNA present
Ribosomes
Vacuole
Cell wall (some)
Cytoplasm
Plasma membrane

8. Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic differences
NO nucleus
No membrane bound organelles (mitochondria, lysosomes, ER, gogi body etc.)
No chromosomes (plasmids)
No chloroplast (chlorophyll scattered in cell)
Unicellular
~1-10 um
Nucleus
Membrane bound organelles (mitochondria, lysosomes, ER, gogi body etc.)
Chromosomes
Chloroplast (some)
Mostly multicellular
~ um

9. Prokaryotic Cell Parts
Flagellum – move the bacterium in a fluid medium
Cytoplasm – a semifluid medium that make up the majority of the cell
Ribosomes – responsible for making proteins
Nucleiod – where the DNA is located
Capsule – gelationous sheath called a slime layer that surrounds the cell wall
Cell Well – gives the cell its shape
Plasma Membrane – regulates the movement of molecules into and out of the cytoplasm.
Plasmid – external single DNA molecule
Pili – hairlike structure used in bacterial conjugation (sharing of genetic material.

10. Prokaryotic Cell Parts