1. Grammar Active - Passive Voice By: - Nityanandesh Narayan Tripathi
(PGT English)
JNV, Baghmara, Meghalaya

2. What is Voice? Voice is that form of a verb which shows whether
what is denoted by the subject
does something or
has something done to it.

3. What is Active Voice? A girl is Playing The football.
A Verb is in the Active Voice
when its form shows that
The person or thing denoted by the Subject does something.
E.g..
Subject is passing an action on Object.
A girl
is Playing
The football.
(Subject)
(Object)

4. What is Passive Voice? The football is being Played by a Girl.
A Verb is in the Passive Voice
when its form shows that something is done to the person or thing denoted by the subject.
E.g..
Action is passed on Subject by Object
The football
is being Played by
a Girl.
(Subject)
(Object)

5. The Active Voice is used when: -
What is use of Active Voice?
The Active Voice is used when: -
The Agent is to be made prominent.
The doer is important.
The doer is referred by the proper name.

6. The Passive Voice is used when: -
What is use of Passive Voice?
The Passive Voice is used when: -
The Agent is not to be made prominent.
The doer is not important.
The doer is referred by the vague pronouns like somebody, people, we, etc..

7. Conversion Rule Chart (Pronoun)
Person
Subject
Object
First I Me We Us
Second
You
Third He
Him
She
Her It
They
Them

8. Conversion Rule Chart (Auxiliary Verb)
Tense (or Modal)
Active Voice
Passive Voice
Simple Present
Do, does
Am, Is, Are
Present Continuous
Am being, Is being, Are being
Present Perfect
Has, Have
Has been, Have been
Simple Past
Did
Was, Were
Past Continuous
Was being, Were being
Past Perfect
Had
Had been
Simple Future
Will, Shall
Will be, Shall be
Can, May, Must, etc
Can, Must
Can be, Must be

9. All Main Verb forms are changed to Third Form of Verb, i.e.
Conversion Rule Chart (Main Verb)
All Main Verb forms are changed to Third Form of Verb, i.e.
Past Participle.

10. Active to Passive: - Conversion Rule (1)
Affirmative Sentence
Subject
Auxiliary Verb
Main Verb
Object
Subject
Auxiliary Verb/
Auxiliary Verb + being/
Auxiliary Verb + been
Main Verb 3rd Form By
Object

11. Examples (1) - Affirmative
Active Voice
Passive Voice
Swati eats apple.
Engineer is repairing the computer
Teacher is teaching mathematics.
Batsman has hit the ball.
Bird can feed upon the grains.
Apple is eaten by Swati.
Computer is being repaired by the Engineer.
Ball has been hit by the batsman.
The grains can be fed upon by the birds. 1 2 3 4 5

12. Active to Passive: - Conversion Rule (2)
Interrogative Sentence ?
Question Making
Word
Auxiliary
Verb
Subject
Main Verb
Object
Question Making
Word
Auxiliary
Verb
Subject
X/ being/ been
Main
Verb 3rd Form By
Object ?

13. Examples (2) - Interrogative
Active Voice
Passive Voice
Why Ramesh fight with Suresh? you?
Do you eat Apple?
Do you know my name?
How he drives the car?
Which book is she reading?
Why Suresh is fought with by Ramesh?
Is apple eaten by you?
Is my name known to you?
How the car is driven by him?
Which book is being red by her? 2 3 4 5 1

14. Active to Passive: - Conversion Rule (3)
Imperative Sentence
Imperative Verb
Object
Let
Object Be
Imperative
Verb 3rd Form

15. Examples (3) - Imperative
Active Voice
Passive Voice
Open the door.
Speak the truth.
Don’t go that way.
Respect your parents.
Wash the cloths.
Let the door be opened.
Let the truth be spoken.
Let you not go that way.
Let your parents be respected.
Let the cloths be washed. 4 5 1 2 3

16. Some special kind of sentences!!
There are some special kind of sentences to know in this section. E.g..
Gulabjamun is Sweet,
Food is hot,
Water is cold, etc
Active
Gulabjamun is Sweet when tasted,
Food is hot when touched,
Water is cold when touched, etc
Passive

17. When Passive can’t be made?
Intransitive Verbs can not be used in Passive.
This is because they don’t have objects.
So there is nothing to become subject of the Passive Sentence.
For example, with verbs like die or arrive.

18. How to recognize Active and Passive sentences
Identify the subject of the sentence.
Identify the action that the sentence identifies.
Examine the relationship between the subject and verb.
Does the subject perform the action of the verb?
(If so, the sentence is active.)
Does the subject sit there while something else -- named or unnamed -- performs an action on it?
(If so, the sentence is passive.)
Can't tell? If the main verb is a linking verb ("is," "was," "are," "seems," etc.),
Then the verb functions like an equals sign;
There is no action (either active or passive) involved –
it merely describes a state of being.

19. Example to Identify The Active and Passive Sentences
I love you.
1. subject: "I"
2. action: "loving"
3. relationship: The subject ("I") is the one performing the
action ("loving").
This sentence is active.
You are loved by me.
1. subject: "you"
3. relationship: The subject ("You") sits passively while the action ("loving") is performed by somebody else ("me").
This sentence is passive.

20. Some Questions for You
Change the following sentences into Passive Voice…..
I eat apple.
He is talking with his friend.
Dravid has hit the ball.
The teacher had taken the class.
Does Dheeraj play football?
Why did you beat me?
Don’t go that way.
Open the door.
Speak the truth.
Students have washed the hand before their meal.
Why do you pray the God?
Has you completed the homework?

21. See the picture and Hint then make the Sentence In Active and Passive2 3 1 4
Subject: - Sweeper
Object – Floor
Verb - Sweep
Subject: - Saint
Object – Man
Verb - Teach
Subject: - Father
Object – Daughter
Verb - Carry
Subject: - Harris
Object – Violin
Verb - Play 5 7 8 6
Subject: - Suresh
Object – Boll
Verb - Bounce
Subject: - Bike
Object – Donald
Verb - Steal
Subject: - Girls
Object – Tea
Verb - Prepare
Subject: - Batsman
Object – Ball
Verb - hit

22. Thanks
Meet You Again