1. Theories of Democracy Traditional Democratic Theory Elite Theory
Bureaucratic Theory
Pluralist Theory
Hyperpluralist Theory

2. Bureaucracy
The people that do the day-to-day work of the federal government
EX.- Government shutdown

3. The school district might decide what you eat, but the lunch ladies have a big say in how it turns out!
So let’s see what the bureaucracy does!

4. Acronym Soup. You saw these departments and agencies in the reading
Acronym Soup! You saw these departments and agencies in the reading. As a table, I want you to write down what they stand for on ONE piece of paper. Once you are done, all of your table members must raise their hand up in the air! The table with the fastest time and the most correct answers will get bonus points on the last test!

5. This is round two. Only you haven’t seen these before
This is round two. Only you haven’t seen these before! Again, the same rules apply. Using what you know about the government, take a guess about what these things could stand for.

6. But the bureaucracy doesn’t act alone…
The federal government is supposed to work like a team!

7. Iron Triangle

8. Iron Triangle Example Gun laws Senate Judiciary Committee
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (part of the DOJ)
National Rifle Association

9. DESCRIBE the Iron Triangle.
FRQ Practice Prompt
DESCRIBE the Iron Triangle.
What do you guys think is the right thing to do?

10. The bureaucracy also contributes to federalism…

11. The biggest way that the bureaucracy contributes to federalism is that it gives money so that state and local governments can do a lot of the work in smaller areas. For example, the Department of Education cannot build all of the schools and hire all of the teachers for the city of Houston. But they can give money to make sure that the school has supplies and is able to hire people to work in the building. But this money comes with strings attached!

12. Fiscal (MONEY) Federalism!
Block grant = money given for a broad purpose (EX.- education)
Categorical grant = money given for a specific purpose (EX.- food stamps)
** This money usually comes with instructions for how the federal government wants things to be run. Federal government has MORE control over the state with categorical grants because it’s so specific!

13. Sometimes, the bureaucracy goes one step further with an UNFUNDED MANDATE
They tell the states what to do but don’t give them any money to do it!

14. FRQ Practice Prompt
EXPLAIN how a categorical grant gives the federal government control over the states.
What do you guys think is the right thing to do?

15. RECAP! The President is elected by the Electoral College…
The Executive Branch doesn’t just include the President…
The bureaucracy does the day-to-day work of the federal government and includes departments and agencies…
The bureaucracy works with interest groups and Congress to form Iron Triangles for every issue…
The Iron Triangles work together to create and implement policy…
The bureaucracy also works to make sure that the states are on track by giving them directions and money!