1. Regeneration: Evolution,
Model Organisms,
And Unanswered Questions

2. Some of Model Organisms Used in Regenerative Biology

3. Bilaterian
Triploblast
Sanchez and Tsonis, 2006

4. Salamanders are to Regeneration as KY is to Basketball, Bourbon, and Thoroughbreds
Spinal
Cord
Limb

5. Salamander Limb Regeneration
Day 5
Day 14
Day 35

6. Salamander Limb Blastema

7. Blastema cells are a mix of restricted and multi- potent cells.
Three Models:
(Tanaka, 2003)
Blastema cells remain
restricted
Blastema cells become
multipotent
Blastema cells are a mix
of restricted and multi-
potent cells.

8. How is Proximodistal Patterning Achieved?

10. The Ependymal Response

11. Ependymal response 14 days post amputation (dpa)
Cross section (16 micron) of the regenerating blastema. The ependymal canal is in the center. The second figure shows a closeup of the ependymal canal. Eosin and Hemotoxilin (nuclei) stain showing nuclei in blue. For regenerating nerves, axons are following the path of ependymal cell extension.