1. Coloring the Periodic Table Families

2. Hydrogen Hydrogen belongs to a family of its own.
Hydrogen is a diatomic, reactive gas.
Hydrogen was involved in the explosion of the Hindenberg.
Hydrogen is promising as an alternative fuel source for automobiles

3. ALKALI METALS Group 1 1 electron in the outer shell
Soft and silvery metals
Very reactive, esp. with water
Conduct electricity

4. ALKALINE EARTH METALS Group 2 2 electrons in the outer shell
White and malleable
Reactive, but less than Alkali metals
Conduct electricity

5. TRANSITION METALS Groups 3-12 Good conductors of heat and electricity.
Some are used for jewelry.
The transition metals are able to put up to 32 electrons in their second to last shell.
Can bond with many elements in a variety of shapes.

6. Transition Metals Elements in groups 3-12 Less reactive harder metals
Includes metals used in jewelry and construction.
Metals used “as metal.”

7. Metalloids (the magenta ones)
Boron
Silicon
Germanium
Arsenic
Antimony
Tellurium
Polonium

8. Properties of Metalloids
Metalloids show mixed properties of metals as well as non-metals.
They behave as non-metals when they react with metals and behave as metals when they react with non-metals.
Boron, silicon and germanium behave as semiconductors. All the metalloids have different melting and boiling points. They are ductile and can be bent into pipes. Some of the metalloids look like metals, solid, and tough.

9. Non Metals Outline the Nonmetals with a dark color.
You will color in group 17 and 18.

10. Properties of Non Metals
High ionization energies
High electronegativities
Poor thermal conductors
Poor electrical conductors
Brittle solids - not malleable or ductile
Little or no metallic luster
Gain electrons easily
Dull, not metallic-shiny, although they may be colorful
Lower melting points and boiling point than the metals

11. Halogens Group 17 7 electrons in the outer shell All are non-metals
Very reactive are often bonded with elements from Group 1

12. The Noble Gases Elements in group 18 VERY unreactive, monatomic gases
Used in lighted “neon” signs
Used in blimps to fix the Hindenberg problem.
Have a full valence shell.

13. Rare Earth Metals Some are Radioactive
The rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals.
Conduct electricity

14. Number the Valance Electrons
Cations- Put a +1 on group 1
Put a +2 on Group 2
Put a +3 on Group 13
Anions
Put a -3 on top of group 15
Put a -2 on top of group 16
Put a -1 on top of group 17

15. Group 14 Carbon is a cations +4 Silicon and Germanium is -4 anions.
Tin is messy, can be +2 or -4 depends on what is bonded too
Pb is a +2 Cation because of what is bonded too.