1. CHAPTER 4 THE ORGANIZATION OF LIFE
Section 1 – ecosystems
Section 2 – evolution
Section 3 – diversity of life

2. Section 1 - Ecosystems
An ecosystem is an area that …includes all the organisms and the physical (nonliving) environment

3. examples…
STREAM
CORAL REEF
FOREST
DESERT

4. Ecosystems are connected
they do not have clear boundaries
living things can move from one ecosystem to another

5. Ecosystems have certain basic components…….
Energy
Minerals
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Water (H2O)
Oxygen (O2)
Soil
Living things
And others….
If one part (component)
of an ecosystem
is destroyed,
or changes,
the entire ecosystem
may be affected

6. ENERGY IN ECOSYSTEMS IS ESSENTIAL
ENERGY IN ECOSYSTEMS IS ESSENTIAL!!! In most ecosystems – the original source of energy is the SUN

7. Biotic Factors/Components …
Biotic Factors/Components ….living or once living things Abiotic Factors/Components …..physical, nonliving things
Examples are……

8. What would these be? Biotic or Abiotic?
Tides
Mold
Butterflies
Minerals
Precipitation – snow, sleet, rain, …
Bacteria
Feather
Wind
Soil
Earthworms
Scat (poop)

9. Each of the following slides shows an ecosystem,
……think of the biotic and abiotic factors
that might be present in each

10. Coral Reef

11. MARSH

12. ….
VACANT LOT

13. MOUNTAIN TOP

14. Hydrothermal Vent, Ocean

15. Badlands, South Dakota

16. Scientists organize living things into groups to make them easier to study ….. The Levels Of Organization of living things are… organism population community ecosytem biosphere

17. a single individual of a species SPECIES – organisms that are…
structurally similar,
naturally interbreed (mate),
and produce fertile offspring

18. Are these members of the same species?

19. The same species?

20. Population – includes all the members of a single species within a given area
Community – includes all the species (living things) within a given area
Ecosystem – includes all the living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) things within a given area

21. Biosphere – the areas of Earth where all life exists – includes all the ecosystems on Earth

22. biosphere
organism
ecosystem
population
community

23. Organisms within an ecosystem have a particular habitat and niche…..
HABITAT - the place that an organism lives (its address) Every habitat has specific biotic and abiotic factors Organisms tend to be well suited to their natural habitats What is the habitat of the chipmunk?

24. NICHE – an organism's role in its environment (its job or occupation)
An organism’s niche includes……
1. the environmental factors
necessary for its survival
2. its interactions with other
organisms
3. its interactions with the
environment (its physical surroundings)
What is the niche of the chipmunk?