1. Worked Examples
Step by step demonstration of how to perform a task or solve a problem – good for procedural and principle-based job tasks
Reduce the load in working memory for novices
Present a worked example followed by a similar problem

2. Worked Examples (Cont’d)
Principles:
Replace practice problems with worked examples
Apply the media elements principles to examples
Use job realistic or varied worked examples
Teach learners to self explain examples

3. Collaborative Learning
Concurrency, learning goals determines the type of tool to use
Effective when students study together and were given a group reward based on the individual progress of all learners in the group
Make assignments that require collaboration among learners

4. Collaborative Learning (Cont’d)
Assign learners to groups in ways that optimize interaction
Structure group assignments around products or processes
Adapt jigsaw and structured controversy, seven jump method, scripted cooperation to e-learning
, chat, conferencing, message boards