1. AIM: How do we use DNA to solve mysteries?
DO NOW:
Complete worksheet

2. Reasons For CLONING Medical Purposes
Reviving endangered species and extinct species
Reproducing a deceased pet
Cloning humans?????

5. Mysteries that can be solved by DNA
Crimes (murder, rape, robbery, etc.)
Human Identification
Prove Kinship (paternity, maternity, etc..
Prove innocence
Genetic disorders
Historical mysteries
Evolution trends

6. How does DNA solve mysteries?
By comparing DNA fingerprints of the unknown to the known
Samples are created by gel electrophoresis

7. also called DNA testing, DNA typing, or DNA profiling
DNA Fingerprinting
also called DNA testing, DNA typing, or DNA profiling
is a technique used to distinguish between individuals of the same species using only samples of their DNA

8. Steps in DNA fingerprinting
DNA EXTRACTION
DNA FRAGMENTATION
GEL ELECTROPHORESIS

9. DNA EXTRACTION Burst cells Separate DNA Isolate DNA
Process of removing DNA from cells received from samples of blood, skin, semen, etc.
Using an ultracentrifuge
(separated based on density)
Using a lysis solution and a warm water bath
Using forms of alcohol to clump
DNA

10. ULTRACENTRIFUGE
piece of equipment, generally driven by a motor, that puts an object in rotation around a fixed axis
The centrifuge works using the sedimentation principle where the centripetal acceleration is used to separate substances of greater and lesser density

11. DNA FRAGMENTATION
Process in which DNA is “cut” by restriction enzymes into fragments
Restriction Enzymes are enzymes that cut DNA at SPECIFIC sequences of nucleotides.

12. on their size and electric
Gel electrophoresis
is a technique used for the separation of DNA, RNA, or protein molecules using an electric current applied to a gel matrix, based
on their size and electric
charge
gel animation

13. Reasons for using Gel Electrophoresis
• To determine differences in the genomes of different plant and animal species
• The number and positions of the bands formed on each lane of gel is the actual DNA
fingerprint and is unique to each person

16. DNA EXTRACTION
DNA FRAGMENTATION
GEL ELECTROPHORESIS

17. How can we perfom a paternity test? final summary:
Using your notes and your knowledge of DNA fingerprinting, make a list of materials and tools needed for us to perform a paternity test?

18. DNA samples Supply list for DNA Fingerprinting Restriction enzymes
Lysis solution
Gel chamber
ultracentrifuge
Alcohol(s)
DNA samples
Warm water bath
paternity test
Power supply