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The Atom Chapter 2.

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Presentation on theme: "The Atom Chapter 2."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Atom Chapter 2

2

3 Review What is the atomic number of boron, B?
What is the atomic mass of silicon, Si? How many protons does a chlorine atom have? How many electrons does a neutral neon atom have? Will an atom with 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons be electrically neutral? Will an atom with 27 protons, 32 neutrons, and 27 electrons be electrically neutral? Will an Na atom with 10 electrons be electrically neutral?

4 Review What is the atomic number of boron, B? 5
What is the atomic mass of silicon, Si? amu How many protons does a chlorine atom have? 17 How many electrons does a neutral neon atom have? 10 Will an atom with 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons be electrically neutral? Yes Will an atom with 27 protons, 32 neutrons, and 27 electrons be electrically neutral? Yes Will an Na atom with 10 electrons be electrically neutral? No Tro's "Introductory Chemistry", Chapter 4

5 Practice—Complete the Following Table.
Tro's "Introductory Chemistry", Chapter 4

6 Practice—Complete the Following Table, Continued.
Tro's "Introductory Chemistry", Chapter 4

7 Atomic Orbitals and Electron Configurations

8 How do we know where our electrons are?
Electrons will seek the lowest E orbital available first

9 Hydrogen Helium Lithium? 1
Pauli Exclusion Principle: orbitals may hold up to two electrons. The electrons must be of opposite spin

10 Hund’s Rule: electrons pair only after each orbital of equal energy is occupied by a single electron

11

12 2.6 Electron Configuration B. Second-Row Elements (Period 2)
Orbital Notation Electron Configuration Element Li (Z = 3) 3 electrons 1s22s1 1s 2s C (Z = 6) 6 electrons 1s22s22p2 1s 2s 2p Ne (Z = 10) 10 electrons 1s22s22p6 1s 2s 2p

13 2.6 Electron Configuration
The electron configuration can be shortened by using Noble Gas Notation. Write the Symbol of the previous Noble Gas, then add the electronic configuration of the additional electrons. Electron Configuration Noble Gas Notation element: C 1s22s22p2 [He]2s22p2 nearest noble gas: He 1s2

14 Problems Determine the electron configurations for the following atoms. Use the noble gas configuration if needed. N O Ne Na Mg Al S Fe W

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