2. Overview
The United States and the Soviet Union had cooperated to win WWII.
After the war, however, conflicts in ways of thinking led to mutual suspicion, hostility , and eventually to indirect conflict that lasted for over 40 years.
This period is referred to as the cold war.
In 1948, Journalist Walter Lippman first used the term Cold War, borrowing from a French phrase, to refer to a “constant war of nerves” between the Soviet Union and the United States.

3. I. Superpowers
After WWII several powerful nations of the past were devastated. (Which ones?)
The Soviet Union and the United States emerged from WWII as the worlds greatest powers.
Superpower: Powerful country that plays a dominant economic, political, and military role in the world.

4. III. Division of Europe (1945)
Yalta Conference: Before the end of WWII the US, England and Soviet Union met to outline division of Germany after the war. (Stalin first agrees to have free elections in Poland, Bulgaria, Romania but later goes back on his word)
Potsdam Conference: Big three formalize the decision to divide Germany into four zones of occupation.
Truman walks away from the conference believing the USSR was planning “world domination.”

7. IV. Divided Europe
After WWII democratic governments were restored in Western Europe.
Eastern Europe was occupied by the armies of the communist Soviet Union.
Iron Curtain: Imaginary line that divided Europe after WWII between communist and democratic nations.

9. Soviet goals vs. American goals
Keep Germany weak and divided
Eastern Europe under Soviet control
Spread Communism
World Domination
Germany stronger and united
Eastern Europe – Independent Nations
Stop spread of Communism
Support free peoples resisting subjugation
Containment

10. V. Growing Distrust
After WWII the Soviet Union was viewed as a threat to security of noncommunist world.
Containment: U.S. Foreign policy in which US attempted to limit communist expansion.
Full commitment of the American economic, military and political power

11. US Cold War Policies Truman Doctrine 1947 Marshall Plan 1948
Support free peoples resisting subjugation
$13 billion in aid to European countries

12. Leading Examples of Dictatorship:
These regimes are typically militaristic in character and usually gain power by force.
BENITO MUSSOLINI
Joseph Stalin
Adolf Hitler
Vladimir Lenin
Can you think of any other examples?

13. Dictatorship

15. Totalitarianism