1. Unit 3 – Becoming a World Power

2. Theodore Roosevelt’s Foreign Policy
Big Stick Policy
“Speak softly and carry a big stick.”
The US was willing to threaten foreign countries in order to gain influence.
Roosevelt Corollary
Many countries in the hemisphere were still too weak to defend themselves.
U.S. should be the “international police power” to preserve peace and order in the hemisphere and protect American interests.
Claimed that his power would help protect weak nations

3. Panama Canal – Roosevelt’s Biggest Accomplishment
Shortcut between Atlantic and Pacific Ocean in order to better mobilize troops and for trade.
1903, Roosevelt will encourage a revolt in Panama against Columbia.
Signed Hays Treaty with the new government of Panama to build the Panama Canal.
Thousands of workers fell prey to tropical diseases.
Finished in ten years, opened in
Panama Canal Video

4. Taft and Wilson Foreign Policy
Dollar Diplomacy – encourage and protect American trade and investment in Latin America and Asia.
Strong economic presence abroad would advance American interests.
Wilson
Moral Diplomacy – based on democratic ideals, rather than on economic investment or the use of force.
F.P. based on human rights, national integrity, and opportunity.
Self – Determination – right of other peoples to determine their own government, free of outside influence.

5. Mexico and Puerto Rico Mexico
By 1910, U.S. businesses had invested around $2 billion in Mexico, buying up land, banks, mines, and other properties.
Revolutions
Pancho Villa – A Mexican Revolutionary. When the US does not help Pancho Villa in the Mexican Revolution, he crosses the border and terrorizes Americans.
Puerto Rico
After the Spanish American War, it instituted a military government that began to develop Puerto Rico’s infrastructure.
Built schools, a postal service, built roads, and improved sanitation.
Jones Act made Puerto Rico a U.S. territory; Puerto Ricans became citizens but were not granted all the rights of citizenship.

6. China
U.S. wanted to prevent foreign colonization of China in order to maintain its own access to Chinese markets.
Secretary of State of John Hays issued the Open Door Policy – 1899.
Enacted under President McKinley
Called on foreign nations to allow free trade in China.