1. New American Diplomacy
Chapter 17 Section 3

2. Election of 1900 McKinley wins reelection for Republicans
Teddy Roosevelt b/c VP
September 6, 1901 – McKinley assassinated
In Buffalo, NY by Leon Czolgosz, an anarchist
Anarchist – opposes all forms of govt.
Teddy b/c president
Republicans not happy
They only picked him as VP b/c of his heroic war record

3. President Roosevelt Accepted Anglo-Saxonism
The US had the duty to shape the “less civilized” corners of the earth
Wants the US to be a world power  b/l in a strong military presence
Make nations think twice b/f messing w/ the US
Promote global peace
“Speak softly and carry a big stick” (the “big stick” policy)

4. American Empire
By 1900 the US was a major power in Asia w/ naval bases all across the Pacific
The US Navy was now the 3rd largest power in the world
The US primary interest in Asia was commerce
The vast Chinese markets excited American business leaders

5. A Japanese Empire 1894 – war erupts in b/w China and Japan over Korea
Korea was part of the Chinese empire
Japan easily defeated China
In the peace treaty China
Granted Korea independence
Gave Japan territory in Manchuria
Showed that Japan was now westernized and industrialized

6. Russian Domination Russians b/c worried
They don’t want Japan to get Manchurian territory b/c it borders Russia
Russia forces Japan to give the Manchurian territory back to China
France and Germany helps Russia do this
1898 – Russia demands that China lease the territory to Russia
France, Germany, and Britain demand leaseholds as well

7. Leasing the Land
Now Russia, Germany, France, and Britain have leaseholds in China
Each leasehold b/c a sphere of influence
The foreign nation controlled economic development
These events greatly worried the US
McKinley (and later Roosevelt) b/g to support the Open Door Policy

8. The Open Door Policy
Open Door Policy – all countries should be allowed to trade w/ China
1899 – US sends notes asking countries w/ leaseholds in China not to discriminate against other nations that want to do business w/ the Chinese inside each leasehold
The powers agreed – as long as all the other powers did so as well

9. The Boxer Rebellion
Secret Chinese societies b/g organizing to get rid of foreign control in their country
One group was known as the Boxers
1900 – the Boxers rose up to wipe out “foreign devils” and their Christian converts
They b/l these people to be corrupting Chinese society
August 1900 – international force, including US troops, stepped in & ended the rebellion

10. US Steps In
1905 – Roosevelt steps in to help negotiate peace b/w Japan and Russia in their war regarding China
He convinces the Russians to recognize Japan’s territorial gains
He persuades the Japanese to stop fighting and to seek no further territory
1906 – Roosevelt wins the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to end the war

11. Tensions Build Relations b/w the US and Japan steadily got worse
Both nations wanted greater influence in Asia
They held each other in check w/ a series of agreements
Respect each other’s territorial possessions
Uphold the Open Door policy
Support China’s independence

12. Great White Fleet
1907 – Teddy sends 16 battleships of the US Navy around the world to show-off US military strength
Known as the “Great White Fleet”
The fleet made a stop in Japan
To demonstrate that the US could and would uphold its interests in Asia
Makes relations even worse

13. The Panama Canal Panama was part of Colombia
1903 – US offered Colombia…
$10 million and a yearly rent of $250,000
This payment was for the right to construct the canal and to control a narrow strip of land on either side of the canal
Colombian govt. refuses
They don’t want to lose control of Panama and considered the price too low

14. The Panama Canal
Panamanians feared losing the commercial benefits of the canal
Panamanians revolt and declare independence from Colombia
US recognizes their independence
W/i two weeks the nations sign a treaty allowing the canal to be built

15. The Roosevelt Corollary
1904 – in an address to Congress Teddy defined the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
US will intervene in Latin American affairs when necessary to maintain economic and political stability in the Western Hemisphere
Latin American nations resented the growing American influence, but could do nothing about it