1. Impact of False Codling Moth (FCM) in horticulture in Kenya John Nderitu University of Nairobi

2. Introduction Horticulture (US$ 1 billion) in 2015 (1.45% GDP)
Fruits(26%)
Vegetables (36%)
Domestic value of hort. in 2014
Capsicums ( Kshs 514 M)
Flowers-69 % of export earnings in 2014 (US$ 630 million)
Employment >2million people (Farmers, employees, exporters, input suppliers, logistics, transport
Source: KNBS 2015

3. Challenges Market Access Non-compliance and loss of market
Climate change
Market Access
Loss of market due pesticide residues )-beans and peas
Changing market requirements (stds)e.g. 10% inspection rule
Emerging new pests and diseases e.g. FCM
Non-compliance and loss of market

4. False codling Moth Are small, inconspicuous moths (noctuidae)
Highly polyphagous (wide host range-capsicum, avocado, roses, citrus, maize, sorghum) and short life cycle
FCM -quarantine pest by the European Commission and EPPO and named a ‘harmful organism’ since 2014.
Leading cause of non-compliance in capsicums in export market
Increased scrutiny of Kenyan capsicum and increased cost of business= low profit margins or losses
Source:UK moths.com and www,kephis.org,

5. Economic and Phytosanitary significance of FCM
KEPHIS 2015

6. INTERCEPTION TREND DUE TO HARMFUL ORGANISMS
Jan – March 2018
Source. EUROPHYT 2018

7. INTERCEPTION TREND DUE TO HARMFUL ORGANISMS
April- June 2018
Source. EUROPHYT 2018

8. Management options and their shortcomings:
Use of chemicals e.g. (collagen, cypermethrin, IGRS)
Overlapping generations, larvae in fruits and resistance
Use of pheromones to disrupt mating
Not all males can be trapped hence not 100% effective
Orchard sanitation and cultural control e.g. growing under protected environment
Labour intensive and less effective because FCM pupates in soil
Sterile male techniques
Expensive and not available locally
Phytosanitary control e.g. cold treatments
Expensive and not available to small-holder farmers
Way forward-development of a comprehensive IPM strategy

9. THANK YOU