1. Temperature, Thermal Energy & Heat
Investigation 1 Notes
September 8, 2015

3. Thermal Energy and Heat
Temperature, thermal energy, and heat are closely related, but they are all different
The thermal energy of an object depends on the number of particles in the object, the temperature of the object, and the arrangement of the objects particles
When thermal energy is transferred it becomes HEAT (when thermal energy moves from warmer objects to cooler objects)

4. Heat Transfer

5. Temperature
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particles of matter
Joule is another unit for measuring heat

8. Heat expansion A. The expansion of a substance due to heat
B. Most solids, liquids, and gases expand as they are heated

10. Thermometer A. An instrument used to measure temperature
B. Thermometers commonly have alcohol (with dye) or mercury
C. Digital thermometers have replaced older ones

12. Specific Heat
A. The ability of a substance to absorb heat energy (specific heat)
B. Different substances absorb heat at different rates
C. The greater the mass of the object the more heat is absorbed
D. A material with high specific heat can absorb a great deal of thermal energy without a great change in temperature.

13. Practice Change in energy =
Use the formula below to calculate thermal energy changes:
Change in energy =
mass x specific heat x change in temperature
How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 kelvins? ______________
How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 6 kilograms of glass by 10 kelvins? ______________
How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 12 kilograms of copper by 10 kelvins? _____________