1. Thirty Years’ War ( )
Instability in the Holy Roman Empire (Page 159)
Deadliest European religious war …
Devolves into political war … Hapsburg family vs. France

2.
Reformation –
Absolutism – 1500’s to 1789 (French Revolution)
Age of Exploration and Conquistadors – 1492
to 1550’s
Scientific Revolution – 1500’s and 1600’s
Enlightenment – 1600’s to 1700’s
New France and French-Indian War – 1754
to 1763

3. Reformation (1517 – 1648)
Calvinists
Lutherans
Anabaptists

4. Absolute Monarchs Charles V – Holy Roman Emperor Philip II of Spain
Louis XIV
Peter the Great
Catherine the Great

5. Peace of Augsburg (1555) (Page 89)
Peace settlement between Charles V & German Lutheran princes.
Rulers can choose Catholicism or Lutheranism.

6. Ferdinand II ( )
King of Bohemia and Hungary, “Holy Roman Emperor”
Violates “Peace of Augsburg” & the “Letter of Majesty.”
Wants to force Catholicism on subjects.

8. Defenestration (1618) Literally means “thrown out a window.”
Two Catholic representatives were “defenestrated” in Prague.

9. Second Phase …

10. Cardinal Richelieu

11. Thirty Years’ War ( )
First stage of war – Battle of White Mountain & atrocities in Bohemia.
Third stage of war – One Side …
Sweden (leadership of Gustavus Adolphus)
Protestant League
France (Catholic)
Dutch Republic
Denmark ( )
Vs. Third stage of war One Side …
Holy Roman Empire
Spain * Catholic League
Poland * Austria
Denmark ( )

12. Catholic League
Protestant League

13. Peace of Westphalia (1648) Significant!!!!! Ends … Establishes …
(1) Recognize Peace of Augsburg (1555)
Calvinism now recognized
(2) Minority Christian groups may practice religion
(3) Sovereignty within boundaries

14. - The “Sick Man of Europe” - Balance of Power - Crisis in the Balkans
Situation in Europe, 1900