1. Topics Ecological and economical significance
Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi pp
Topics
Ecological and economical significance
Typical structures of fungal body
Fungal reproduction - life cycles
Fungal phyla - cladogram

2. Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi pp
Fungi
Eukaryotic, ~100,000 species, varied in shape, mostly terrestrial
Chitin + complex carbohydrates in cell wall
Not photosynthetic
Heterotrophs - saprobic, some parasitic
Important decomposers
Spores to weather difficult conditions
Very hardy organisms
Resistant to wide ranges of osmotic and pH conditions, and temperature

3. Fungal Body Characteristics
Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi pp
Mycelium - threadlike structures - hyphae
Many hyphae - coenocytic; multicellular without frequent cross walls (c)
Others - septa - contain one or more nuclei
(c or d)

4. Fungal Reproduction
Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi p
By spores - reproductive (asexual/sexual) cells usually haploid, microscopic, spread by wind/water/animals
– sporangia
– fruiting bodies
– conidia
– budding
Sexual reproduction/cycle – pheromones – fusion of haploid hyphae – plasmogamy – dikaryotic stage – karyogamy resulting in zygote nucleus ---- Sexual sporangia

5. Typical fungal life cycle
Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi
p. 600.

6. Six Phyla Fruiting bodies, sexual spores, molecular data
Ch. 29, Kingdom Fungi p
Six Phyla
Fruiting bodies, sexual
spores, molecular data
– used for classification
Table 29-1
Deuteromycota –
Polyphyletic

7. Mycelium – tangled mass of individual hyphae – All Fungi are in large eukaryotic clade, Unikonts

8. Rhizopus (bread mold) sporangia and mycelium - Zygomycota

9. Rhizopus (bread mold) life cycle

10. Glomeromycota
Ascomycota and Basidiomycota

11. Phylum ASCOMYCOTA – life cycle

12. ascocarps – fruiting bodies of Ascomycota

13. Ascomycota - ringworm

14. Ascomycota – brown rot

15. Peziza ascocarps, asci and ascospores
ascus
ascospores

16. Phylum BASIDIOMYCOTA
Genus Agaricus - edible
stalk
cap
gills

17. Coprinus basidipocarps, gills and basidiospores

18. Penicillium conidiophores and conidia - Phylum DEUTEROMICYCOTA earlier but (“imperfect” fungi) now in ASCOMYCOTA
conidia
conidiophores