1. What was the Square Deal?

2. “Bully Pulpit” Election 1900, assassination, ascendancy
Expanding the power of the presidency
Utilize media and shape legislation

3. A “Square Deal” Reform in society
Give a fair shake to all in society (workers, businessmen, impoverished, etc.)

4. Trustbusting Break up large trusts
End monopolies that manipulate workers and consumers
Theme: Government regulation
Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)

5. PA Coal Miners Strike (1902)
Coal vital to the US
140,000 workers with unsafe working conditions, long hours, low pay
Strike threatened
TR steps in and calls the union & management to the White House
Arbitration
Roosevelt sided with workers – 1st time for a pres.

6. J.P. Morgan & Northern Securities (1902)
Justice Dept. sued company
Supreme Court dissolves the company
Victory for consumers
TR went on to break up 44 trusts in all

7. Reform
Elkins Act (1903)
Can’t change RR rates w/o notifying consumers of change
No rebates for RR officials
Hepburn Act (1906):
Gave ICC the power to set a limit of maximum RR rates
Limited distribution of free RR passes (a common bribe)

9. Review Questions 1. What was the Square Deal?
2. How do Presidents use the Bully Pulpit ?
3. Give an example of a trust TR busted:
4. How do we know TR was sympathetic to the plight of working class America?

10. The Jungle Hits Teddy in Tummy
Meat Inspection Act (1906):
Required sanitary packaging conditions
Healthy animals must be used
Pure Food & Drug Act (1906):
Contents of food or drugs must be labeled on the package

11. TR’s Legacy Conservation:
Gifford Pinchot – Head of the US Forest Service
Convinced TR to protect 150+ million acres