1. Intelligence

2. Learning Intentions
SW gain an understanding of intelligence and individual testing through independent reading, notetaking, and intermittent formative assessments.

3. Agenda Assessment – Intelligence & Testing + FRQs
Notes and Formative Quizes
Read the following sections in the book, filling in your class notes along the way. When you get to the end of a module, stop and take the module quiz, recording you answers on quia.
Module 60 Introduction to Intelligence: Pages
Module 61 Assessing Intelligence: Pages
Module 62 The Dynamics of Intelligence: Pages
Module 63 Studying Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence: Pages
Exit Assessment- Twin Studies Worksheet

4. Intelligence
mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

5. Intelligence Test
a method of assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.

6. Is Intelligence One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities?
Spearman’s General intelligence (g)
Factor analysis
Comparison to athleticism
Thurstone’s counter argument g

7. General Intelligence (g)
a general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.

8. Factor Analysis
a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify difference dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score.

9. Theories of Intelligence

10. Gardner’s Eight Intelligences
Savant syndrome
Gardner’s Eight Intelligences
Linguistic
Logical-mathematical
Musical
Spatial
Bodily-kinesthetic
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Naturalist
Grit

11. Savant Syndrome
a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.

13. Grit

14. Grit
the in psychology, grit is passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals.

15. Sternberg’s Three Intelligences
Analytical (academic problem-solving intelligence
Creating intelligence
Practical intelligence

16. Emotional Intelligence
Perceive emotions
Understand emotions
Manage emotions
Use emotions for adaptive or creative thinking

17. Emotional Intelligence
the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.

18. Is Intelligence Neurologically Measurable? Brain Size and Complexity
Brain size studies
Brain complexity studies
Neural plasticity
Gray matter versus white matter

19. Intelligence Tests

20. Origins of Intelligence Testing
Francis Galton’s intelligence testing
Reaction time
Sensory acuity
Muscular power
Body proportions
Hereditary Genius

21. Alfred Binet: Predicting School Achievement
Identifying French school children in need of assistance
Mental age
Chronological age

22. Mental Age
a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Thus, a child who does as well as the average 8-year-old is said to have a mental age of 8.

23. Lewis Terman: The Innate IQ
Stanford-Binet Test
Lewis Terman
New age norms
Adding superior end

24. Stanford-Binet
the widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet’s original intelligence test.

25. Lewis Terman: The Innate IQ
Intelligence quotient (IQ)
IQ (mental age/chronological age) X 100
IQ of 100 is considered average

26. Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 (thus, IQ ma/ca X 100). On contemporary intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100, with scores assigned to relative performance above or below average.

27. Modern Tests of Mental Abilities
Achievement tests
Aptitude tests

28. tests designed to assess what a person has learned.
Achievement Tests
tests designed to assess what a person has learned.

29. Aptitude Tests
tests designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn.

30. Modern Tests of Mental Abilities
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)

31. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
the WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests.

32. Principles of Test Construction Standardization
Normal curve (bell curve)

33. Standardization
defining uniform testing procedures and meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.

34. Standardization
Normal curve (bell curve)

35. Normal Curve
a symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes.

36. Reliability Reliability Scores correlate Test-retest reliability
Split-half reliability

37. Reliability
the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test or on retesting.

38. Validity
Validity
Content validity
Criterion
Predictive validity

39. Validity
the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is suppose to.

40. Content Validity
the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest.

41. Predictive Validity
the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior (also called criterion- related validity).

42. STOP

43. Intelligence and Aging

44. Aging and Intelligence
Cross-Sectional Evidence
Longitudinal Evidence
Cohort

45. Cohort
a group of people from a given time period.

46. It all depends
Crystallized intelligence
Fluid intelligence

47. Crystallized Intelligence
our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills; tends to increase with age.

48. Fluid Intelligence
our ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood.

49. Stability Over the Life Span

50. The Extremes of Intelligence

51. The Low Extreme Intellectual disability Mental retardation
Down syndrome
21st chromosome
Mainstreamed

52. Intellectual Disability
a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life.
Formerly referred to as mental retardation

53. Down Syndrome
a condition of mild to severe intellectual disability and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.

54. The High Extreme Terman’s study of gifted Self-fulfilling prophecy
Appropriate developmental placement

55. Stop

56. Twin and Adoption Studies
Identical twin studies
Polygenetic
Heritability
Adoptive children studies

57. Hereditability
the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. The hereditability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied.

58. Heritability

59. Environmental Influences
Early environmental influences
Tutored human enrichment
Targeted training
Schooling and intelligence
Project Head Start

60. Group differences in Intelligence

61. Gender Similarities and Differences
Spelling
Verbal ability
Nonverbal ability
Sensation
Emotion-detecting ability
Math and spatial aptitudes

62. Racial and Ethnic Similarities and Differences
Ethnic differences

63. The Question of Bias Two meanings of bias Test-taker’s expectations
Popular sense
Scientific sense
Test-taker’s expectations
Stereotype threat

64. Stereotype Threat
a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.