1. Classification
Chapter 18 in Text

2. Ernest Rutherford ( )
Scientist – “father of nuclear physics”, radioactivity
“All science is either physics or stamp collecting”

3. Why Classify?
The biosphere consists of more than 1.5 million animal species, and as many plant species.
The species alive today are only a very small percentage of the perhaps billions of species which have lived on Earth since life first evolved over 3.5 billion years ago.
Over 75% of the described extant species belong to the Phylum Arthropoda, which includes such diverse organisms as lobsters, barnacles, crabs, scorpions, shrimp, spiders, mites, millipedes, and insects. The insects are by far the most abundant arthropods.
To study this many organisms, biologists need to have a standard, logical method of naming and grouping organisms.

4. Taxonomy
Taxonomy (Gr. taxis, "arrangement, order", nomos, "law") is the science, laws, or principles of classification (Latin, classis, "a class", facere, "to make"). NOT
Taxidermy - the art of preparing and preserving the skins of animals and of stuffing and mounting them in lifelike form (taxis, (see above), dermis, “skin”).

5. Rainbow Trout
Oncorhynchus mykiss

6. Oryx (Gemsbok)
Oryx gazella

7. How to Sort
Group by similarities and differences in physical characteristics
Group by lines of evolutionary descent, similarities in fossil record.
Group by similarities in embryological development
Group by genetic similarities and differences

8. Carl Linnaeus Swedish 1707-1778 Father of modern taxonomy
Naming system “binomial nomenclature”

9. Linnaeus’s System
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

11. Binomial Nomenclature
Linnaeus, 1700’s
2 part scientific name
Genus and species
Homo sapiens Panthera leo
Oryx gazella

12. Dichotomous Key
Method of classification by differences in physical characteristics
Look at pages in text

13. How to Sort – Again!
Group by similarities and differences in physical characteristics. (Shark)

14. Which name followed the instructions?
Teddy
Jmizzle
Octocorn

15. Group by similarities in embryological development
How to Sort – Again!
Group by similarities in embryological development

16. Group by lines of evolutionary descent, similarities in fossil record.
How to Sort – Again!
Group by lines of evolutionary descent, similarities in fossil record.

17. Group by genetic similarities and differences
How to Sort – Again!
Group by genetic similarities and differences