1. Computer Hardware Prepared by:- Mr. Pawan Kumar
Computer Lab Instructor (VTF)
Govt. Polytechnic Meham(Rohtak)

2. Overview of Computer Hardware
Motherboard
CPU
RAM
Hard disk
CD-ROM
Floppy Disk
Display Card
Sound Card
LAN Card

3. Motherboard
It is the main circuit board that links all the hardware components together.
There are many chips or IC (Integrated Circuit) on the motherboard which contains millions of transistors.

4. CPU (Central Processing Unit)
It interprets and performs instructions of a computer program.
The most determining factor in how powerful a computer is.
A CPU in a common PC system is known as the microprocessor.

5. A model of Computer

6. CPU A CPU consists of two parts, the ALU and the CU.
Both the ALU and the CU contains registers, which are
high-speed memory
temporarily hold data and instructions during processing.

7. Main Memory Storage media installed on the motherboard
store data and instruction to be executed by the CPU
Main memory is classified into
RAM
ROM

8. RAM RAM – Random Access Memory RAM is volatile
data is lost when the power to the computer is turned off
The instructions and data for the job performing are written to RAM and read from it as needed.

9. RAM Two operations of RAM Types of RAM
Loading means copying data from the secondary storage to the main memory
Saving means copying data from RAM to the non-volatile secondary storage.
Types of RAM
SRAM
DRAM

10. ROM ROM – Read Only Memory ROM is non-volatile
Data are stored permanently
Data can only be read but cannot be changed
Store instructions and tells the computer how to load the operations system when booting up
Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)

11. CMOS CMOS - Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Memory
It has the characteristics of both ROM and RAM, ie:
it is non-volatile
information in CMOS can be changed
In computer, CMOS stores the configuration information about a computer like capacity of the hard disk and the current time and date.

12. Ports and Interface Cards
The interface between peripheral devices and the CPU.
A port is built on the motherboard while an interface card is inserted into slots on the motherboard.
Sometimes, an interface card may become a built-in function on the motherboard.

14. THANKS