2. Aim To use and understand the language of multiplication.
To understand multiplication as repeated addition.
To use arrays and the Commutative Law when solving multiplication problems.
To know associated multiplication and division facts.

3. Language of Multiplication Arrays and The Commutative Law
Contents
Language of Multiplication
Repeated Addition
Arrays and The Commutative Law
Division Facts

4. Language of Multiplication
Which of these words and phrases mean multiplication?
groups of
array
times
lots of
multiply
multiplied by
repeated addition
product
multiple of
That’s right! All of them mean multiplication.

5. Multiplication is the same as repeated addition.
Here are 8 cards
To find the total number of spades, we can use repeated addition by counting in 7s.
56 spades =
This is the same as 8 x 7 = 56

6. Repeated Addition
There are 6 cards. How many hearts are there altogether?
6 x 9 = 54 hearts
There are 4 cards. How many clubs are there altogether?
4 x 7 = 28 clubs

7. Arrays Multiplication can be shown in an array:
This array shows 8 multiplied by 4. What is the total?
The total is 32.
This can be written as:
4 × 8 = 32
The Commutative Law of multiplication says that when you multiply numbers, you get the same answer if you swap the numbers around. or
8 × 4 = 32

8. What multiplication does this array show?
The total is 66.
This can be written as:
11 × 6 = 66 or
6 × 11 = 66

9. Think of 2 multiplications for each array using the Commutative Law.
Arrays
Think of 2 multiplications for each array using the Commutative Law.
12 × 4 = 48 or
3 × 8 = 24
4 × 12 = 48 or
6 × 7 = 42
8 × 3 = 24 or
7 × 6 = 42

10. Division Facts There are 35 dots in the array below.
As a multiplication this would be:
5 x 7 = 35 or 7 x 5 = 35
This can be written as a division:
35 ÷ 7 = 5 or
35 ÷ 5 = 7
Which also means…
35 dots can be divided into 5 lots of 7 (5 x 7 = 35).
35 dots can be divided into 7 lots of 5 (7 x 5 = 35). or

11. Write a division number sentence for each array.
Division Facts
Write a division number sentence for each array.
42 ÷ 7 = 6
30 ÷ 6 = 5 or or
42 ÷ 6 = 7
30 ÷ 5 = 6