1. Warm Up
The “Virgin Queen” Elizabeth I died in 1603 without an heir after 44 years on the throne.
Elizabeth I never married or had children, and she was the last of her father, King Henry VIII’s, descendants
She died without naming a successor, someone who would rule England after her death.
King James of Scotland, a cousin through her grandfather Henry VII, was selected to rule because his was the strongest claim to the throne.

3. James I 1603-1625 Becomes King when Elizabeth I dies
Fights with Parliament over taxes & money
Founds Jamestown colony
Survives the Gunpowder Plot assassination attempt

4. Charles I 1625-1649 Struggles with Parliament
Signs the Petition of Right - limits rights of the king
After dissolving parliament, a Civil War against the armies of Parliament
Executed for treason

5. Oliver Cromwell 1649-1658 Puritan army general Abolishes the monarchy
Rules as a military dictator
Has Charles I executed

6. The Commonwealth of England
Rule by the “Rump” Parliament
Puritan reforms for the “nation’s morals”
Religious toleration for the 1st time

7. Charles II 1658-1685 Exiled to France during Cromwell’s rule
Restores the monarchy after Cromwell’s death
Dissolves parliament
Known as the “Merry Monarch”

8. James II 1685-1688 Brother of Charles II
Roman Catholic, which upset Protestants in England
Struggles with Parliament
Overthrown in the Glorious Revolution – “peaceful”

9. William & Mary 1688-1762 Offered the throne by Parliament
Mary is James II daughter
Begins a Constitutional Monarchy
Share power with Parliament

10. Exit Ticket What was Oliver Cromwell’s religion?
What was his job before he took power in England?
Why do you think he was able to overthrow the English monarchy?