1. Chapter 18
Section 3
Monarchy in England

2. Warm UP- DefineKey Terms
Puritans
Charles I
Royalists
Oliver Cromwell
Commonwealth
Restoration
Charles II
William and Mary
Glorious Revolution
Constitutional monarchy

3. Tale of Two Governments
English Parliament
English Crown
Has two houses.
House of Lords
Nobles would be born into this role
House of Commons
Had less power but allowed for common people to have a say.
The Royal Family who controls England. One is born into this role.
Called Parliament to session.

4. The Tudors and Parliament
Henry VIII and Elizabeth I part of Tudor Dynasty
Parliament placed curbs on the monarchy
Both father and daughter knew how to work Parliament

5. The Tudors and Parliament
Henry VIII created the protestant Church
1534 Act of Supremacy ended popes power
Mary I became queen (Bloody Mary)
Made England Catholic again

6. The Tudors and Parliament
Elizabeth returned it to Protestant (Anglican Church of England)
Parliament pressured Elizabeth to marry
She refused
Elizabeth let Parliament members to speak their minds

7. The Stuarts and Parliament
King James I came from Scotland
Member of the Stuarts
Believed in the divine right of kings
Was low on funds from past wars
Difficulty getting along with parliament

8. The Stuarts and Parliament
Parliament rarely approved what James wanted
Puritans- group of strict Calvinists
Demanded reform in the Church of England
Wanted to purify the church of catholic practices

9. The Stuarts and Parliament
Puritans goal was to take power away from the church
Wanted reforms
James granted one request to print the Bible in English
Known as the King James Bible

10. Charles I defies Parliament
1625 Charles I is crowned
Married a Catholic princess
1628 petitioned parliament for money
Had to sign the Petition of Right document

11. Petitions of Right
King could not levy taxes without parliament’s approval
Could not imprison someone without justification
Force citizens to house soldiers
Declare martial law during peacetime

12. Charles I defies Parliament
First challenge to absolute monarchy
When Parliament again refused to give him money
Taxed English on his own
Forced bankers to give him money
Charles dismissed parliament in 1629

13. The English Civil War Charles was badly in debt reconvenes Parliament
Long Parliament
Took opportunity to further limit the King’s power
Demanded Parliament meet once every three years

14. War with Parliament
Radical Puritan group wanted to abolish appointment of bishops in Anglican Church
Power was the king’s and he was outrages
Charles I led troops to Parliament
Radicals had escaped

15. War with Parliament
1642 English Civil War, Parliament rises against the king
King had to rely on contributions, Parliament had taxes
Royalists supported the king-nobles
Roundheads supported Parliament

16. War with Parliament
Cromwell became Commander-In-Chief of Parliaments army
1646 King surrenders
Cromwell dismissed all members who disagreed with him
Rump Parliament-those who were left

17. Trial and Execution Rump Parliament charged the king with treason
January 30, 1649 king was beheaded in from of his palace
Charles I some saw him as a tyrant, some as a martry

18. England under Cromwell
Next 11 years complete changes in government
House of Commons abolished the House of Lords
Outlawed monarchy

19. England under Cromwell
Commonwealth-republican government based on the common good of the people
1653 Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of England, Scotland, Ireland
Demanded strict obedience
Closed the theatres
Limited forms of popular entertainment

20. A Defender of Absolutism
Cromwell, King’s death and war troubled many
Thomas Hobbes (loyalist) fled to France
Wrote Leviathan
Describes humans as naturally selfish, and fearful

21. A Defender of Absolutism
Hobbes argued that people need a powerful monarch
Need to be told how to live
Writings sparked controversy in England (balance of people representatives and monarchy)

22. The Restoration 1658 Cromwell’s son took over after Oliver’s death
Restoration-Parliament voted to bring the monarchy
1660 son of Charles I
Becomes Charles II

23. Reign of Charles II Had to watch his step
Supported religious toleration for Catholics
Parliament wanted to strengthen Church of England
Charles reopened the theatres

24. Reign of Charles II
Habeas Corpus Act-1679 guaranteed that someone accused of a crime has the right to appear in court to determine if they should be held or released

25. Reign of Charles II One of the most important acts in English history
1665 Bubonic Plague hits kills 100,000 in London
Great fire of London destroys large parts of the city
Charles supports reconstruction

26. James II Brother of Charles and a Catholic Married a Catholic princess
James II crowned king
Believed in right to rule as absolute monarch

27. James II English people did not want to tolerate his belief’s
Glorious Revolution
James daughter Mary and her Husband William become king and queen
Came from the Netherlands
James fled to France

28. Changes in Government Parliament crowned the new king and queen
English Bill of Rights- signed before taking the throne
Prevented monarchs from raising taxes without parliament’s consent

29. Changes in Government
Bill of Rights was reflected in United States Constitution
Constitutional Monarchy- term for monarchy limited by law
England rejected the absolute monarch who ruled by divine right