1. Chapter 22: Plant Diversity
Unit 7: Plants
Chapter 22: Plant Diversity

2. Key Concepts: What is a plant?
What are the three groups of bryophytes?
What are the 4 groups of Gymnosperms?
What are the characteristics of angiosperms

3. A. Intro to Plants Plants are: Multicellular Eukaryotic
Cells have cell walls
Autotrophic - Carry out photosynthesis

4. Botanists divided the plant kingdom into 4 groups:
Non-vascular and Non-Seeded
Vascular and non-seeded
Vascular – Seeds in Cones
Vascular – Flowers; seeds enclosed in fruit.

5. A. Bryophytes
Bryophytes are non-vascular (no food and water tubes). Transport water by osmosis
Bryophytes do not produce seeds.
Reproduce asexually by production of spores (sporophyte stage)
and sexually by production of gametes (gametophyte stage)

6. Three Groups of Bryophytes
Mosses – phylum bryophyta
Liverworts – phylum herpatophyta
Hornworts – phylum antheocerophyta

7. Mosses
Liverworts
Hornworts

8. B. Seedless Vascular Plants
Transport water/minerals and nutrients by vascular tissue. 2 kinds:
Xylem – transports water/minerals
Phloem – transports nutrients (glucose)

9. Three groups: Club Mosses – phylum Lycophyta
Horsetails – Phylum Arthrophyta
Ferns – Phylum Pterophyta

10. Club Moss
Ferns
Horsetails

11. C. Seed Plants Divided into 2 groups
Gymnosperms- produce seeds in cones
Angiosperms – produce seeds in flowers. (A.K.A. - flowering plants)

12. Reproduction of Seed Plants
Reproduce sexually by means of egg and sperm
The sperm is encased in a POLLEN GRAIN which is transferred to the female reproductive structure. This is called POLLINATION
Fertilization occurs when the sperm reaches the egg and forms an EMBRYO
The embryo turns into the seed
The seed grows in cones (Gymnosperms)
The seed grows in flowers (Angiosperms)

13. D. 4 types of Gymnosperms Phylum Gnetophyta – ex: Welwitschia
Phylum Cycadophyta – Ex : cycad
Phylum Ginkgophyta – Ex: ginkgoes
Phylum coniferophyta – Ex: pine tree, fir, cedars, etc.

14. Cycad
Gnetophytes: Welwitschia
Ginkgo Tree
Conifers

15. E. Angiosperms Flowering Plants Most diverse group of plants
The flowers contain the ovaries that surround and protect the seeds.
This is called “Fruit”