1. The Cold War Begins
Ch. 6 (p )

2. The Cold War Begins USA and USSR (Soviet Union) allies during WWII
Very different countries, beliefs, political systems
After WWII, USA and USSR become competing superpowers
Military strength far greater than other countries
Military and political rivalry called the Cold War
USA and USSR clearly enemies, but no direct war

3. The Cold War Begins

4. The Cold War Begins

5. The Cold War Begins Soviet Union USA
Communist and Totalitarian
Government controlled economy and business
Opposition to government not allowed
USA
Capitalist and Democratic
Businesses owned by individuals, run for profit
Freedom of speech and press
Governments and people don’t trust each other

6. The Cold War Spreads
USSR afraid of invasion through W. Europe, so took over E. European countries, made them communist (buffer zone)
1949: communists come to power in China
Chairman Mao Zedong
US government afraid of communism spreading to States
Set up Committee on Un-American Activities
Led by Senator Joseph McCarthy
Suspected communists persecuted, fired, blacklisted

7. The Cold War Spreads

8. The Cold War Spreads

9. The Cold War in Canada
1945: Igor Gouzenko (worker in Soviet embassy in Ottawa) revealed a Soviet spy ring in the Canadian government
Not as much paranoia as in the USA
Can. government refused to outlaw communism
Distrust of communism in some areas
Labour union leaders often suspected; RCMP monitored suspected communists
Quebec: Premier Duplessis anti-communist
Padlock Law: used to lock up buildings/ organizations suspected of being used by communists

10. The Cold War in Canada

11. Taking Sides Countries formed competing alliances
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
1949: Western countries (USA, Canada, UK, etc.)
Canada joined because of Soviet spying, geographically between USSR and USA, Soviet nuclear tests, trade
Warsaw Pact
1955: Eastern countries (USSR, E. Germany, Poland, etc.)
Both promise to defend members if attacked, and retaliate (possibly using nuclear weapons)
Divided by “Iron Curtain” (border between Eastern and Western European countries)

12. Taking Sides

13. Taking Sides

14. Canada in NATO
Some debate over whether Canada should join a military alliance in peacetime
PM King, then PM Louis St. Laurent in favour
Canada one of 12 founding members in 1949
Canada’s military contribution
Some troops stationed in Europe
Tracked Soviet submarines
Military exercises

15. Canada in NATO

16. Canada in NATO

17. Canada in NATO