1. Homeostasis: The Endocrine System
Chapter 10
Pages

2. Hormones

3. Endocrine System endocrine system – hormones –
Greek origins: to excite / set in motion

4. Joseph van Mering & Oscar Minkowski removed pancreas from dogs
Hormone Discovery
Joseph van Mering & Oscar Minkowski
removed pancreas from dogs
rapid weight loss
fatigued
ants gathered around urine
pancreas related to regulating body sugars

5. Hormones are specific to target cells How do they know where to go?
Hormone Roles
Hormones are specific to target cells
How do they know where to go?
target cells have ____________ for hormones
Two hormone types:
steroid hormones
protein hormones

6. 1. Steroid Hormones Made from cholesterol Not soluble in water
Diffuse from cell of origin (through membranes)
Carried through blood by protein carriers (globulins)
Diffuse into target cell
Often moves into nucleus to affect transcription

7. Steroid Hormone Action
To demonstrate the classical signalling mechanism of action of estrogen...

8. Steroid Hormone Action
-estrogen may also exert its effects through non-classical estrogen receptor mechanisms.
binding area

9. 2. Protein Hormones Short peptide sequences Water soluble
Transported from cell of origin by secretory vacuoles
Carried dissolved in blood
Attach to surface receptors of target cells
Activates enzymes to make other internal signals

10. Protein Hormone Action
ATP R
cyclic AMP + PPi
To demonstrate the classical signalling mechanism of action of estrogen...
other enzymes

11. Glands

12. A series of organs, called glands, that:
The Endocrine Glands
A series of organs, called glands, that:
Also includes organs from other systems that produce hormones
for example:

13. The Endocrine Glands

14. Produces hormones that act on the __________
Hypothalmus
Part of the brain
Produces hormones that act on the __________
Releasing hormones
Example:
Inhibiting hormones

15. Pituitary Gland “Master gland” that controls many of the other glands
Two parts: Anterior and posterior
Hormones:

16. Pituitary Gland

17. Growth hormone
Controls :
Problems can lead to dwarfism or giantism

18. Thyroid and Parathyroid
Found in the front of the throat
Hormones:
Thyroxine:
Calcitonin:
Parathyroid hormone (PTH):

19. Thyroid and Parathyroid
Thyroxine:
Increases :
Essential for :
Contains 4 iodine atoms
Lack of iodine in diet, causes this hormone to be overproduced and to build up in the thyroid
Disorder called goiter

20. Thyroid and parathyroid
Important for the control of calcium levels
Calcium is found in the:
Bone
Blood

21. Control of calcium levels

22. Adrenal Gland Located on the kidneys Hormones:
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine:
Aldosterone:
Cortisol: