1. Notes 7.1- Slavery Divides the Nation

3. Notes 7.1- Slavery Divides the Nation
Key Terms
Wilmot Proviso
Free-Soil Party
popular sovereignty
Compromise of 1850
Fugitive Slave Act
Personal liberty laws

4. Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery
Southerners were for Slavery
North were against Slavery

6. Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery
This image shows the northern city of New York in 1855.
What might everyday life have been like in New York during this time?

7. North had more factories and cities
Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery
North had more factories and cities
South had more agricultural society
Cotton

8. Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery

9. Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery
Wilmot Proviso-no slavery could exist in any of the lands won from Mexico
Some were abolitionist, others were sympathetic to allowing slavery because of money
Abolitionist-people who want to end slavery

10. Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery
Slavery was a part of the fabric of the southern life, many believed God destined African Americans to be enslaved

11. Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery

12. Slavery's Effect on the 1848 Election
Free soil party-an anti-slavery political party in the mid-1800s
Their main goal was to keep slavery out of the western territories

13. What do the images on this poster tell you about the party?
Slavery's Effect on the 1848 Election
Former President Martin Van Buren was the Free-Soil candidate for the presidency in 1848.
What do the images on this poster tell you about the party?

14. Slavery's Effect on the 1848 Election
Democrats and Whigs had avoided slavery
Popular Sovereignty- a political policy that permitted the residents of federal territories to decide on whether to enter the Union as free or slave states
Whigs nominated Zachary Taylor and Democrats nominated Lewis Cass
Free soil party gained significance

15. Slavery's Effect on the 1848 Election
What does this map reveal about sectional political affiliations in the late 1840s?

16. The Compromise of 1850 Averts a Crisis
To expand slavery or restrict it—this dilemma came to haunt the rapidly growing nation. In 1848, gold was discovered in California, and soon thousands of adventurers were headed west to seek their fortune. Before long, the burgeoning western territories would petition for entry into the Union. Should these new states allow slavery? Who would decide?

17. The Compromise of 1850 Averts a Crisis
The discovery of gold almost upset the balance of power between the Northern and Southern states
In 1849, California requested admission as a free state, this caused an uproar

18. The Compromise of 1850 Averts a Crisis
Congress would admit California as a free state, but enact a stricter fugitive slave law
Popular sovereignty would decide whether Utah and New Mexico were free or slave
Fugitive Slave Act-a law that required all citizens to aid in apprehending runaway slaves

19. The Compromise of 1850 Averts a Crisis
This image shows a San Francisco street in California boomed as miners flocked there from all over the world after the discovery of gold in 1849.

20. The Compromise of 1850 Averts a Crisis

21. Northern Resistance to Slavery Increases
The Fugitive Slave Law enraged many Northerners, many Northern states passing personal liberty laws
Personal liberty laws-nullified the Fugitive Slave Law and allowed states to arrest slave catchers

22. Northern Resistance to Slavery Increases
Published in 1851, this cartoon satirizes the results of the Fugitive Slave Act. Analyze Political Cartoons Why does one abolitionist suggest that “this is all your fault, Webster”?

23. Northern Resistance to Slavery Increases
The Underground Railroad helped to free enslaved people escape to freedom
Harriet Tubman

24. Northern Resistance to Slavery Increases
Which sections of the Underground Railroad were likely the riskiest for fugitives to pass through?

25. Northern Resistance to Slavery Increases
Harriet Beecher Stowe published Uncle Tom’s Cabin, novel helped to spread compassion for enslaved people in the North, but upset the South

26. Quiz: Different Perspectives on the Issue of Slavery
The Wilmot Proviso sought to
A. abolish slavery in the South.
B. ban the slave trade.
C. encourage owners to free enslaved people.
D. restrict the expansion of slavery.

27. Quiz: Slavery's Effect on the 1848 Election
During the presidential election of 1848, Whig and Democratic candidates
A. opposed the idea of popular sovereignty.
B. proposed limits to the expansion of slavery.
C. said that voters should choose whether to allow slavery.
D. supported abolition efforts throughout the country.

28. Quiz: The Compromise of 1850 Averts a Crisis
Which of these was a provision of the Compromise of 1850?
A. New states were assured popular sovereignty.
B. California entered the Union as a slave state.
C. Slavery was protected under the Constitution.
D. The Fugitive Slave Act strengthened earlier fugitive slave laws.

29. Quiz: Northern Resistance to Slavery Increases
Many northerners objected to the Fugitive Slave Act because it
A. allowed southerners to pursue escaped slaves.
B. extended slavery into northern states.
C. required citizens to help capture runaway slaves.
D. shut down the Underground Railroad.