1. 20th Century
World War I- Part i

2. The Causes of World War I
The toxic environment of the European Continent:
Nationalism
Imperialism
Militarism
Alliance System

3. Nationalism
The belief that national interests and national unity should be placed ahead of global cooperation and that a nations should be guided by its own self interest.

4. Imperialism
Belief in empire-building: the policy of extending the rule or influence of a country over other countries or colonies
Domination by empire: the political, military, or economic domination of one country over another
Takeover and domination: the extension of power or authority over others in the interests of domination
cultural imperialism

5. Militarism
The development of armed forces and their use as a tool of diplomacy

6. Alliance System
European nations entered into treaties of assistance that committed them to support one another if attacked.

7. The Alliance Game!! Pull out a piece of Paper
including yourself create an alliance with 4 other students within the classroom
Hint: create Alliance with people who have an alliance out side of yours
Note: the wider your Alliance the more power you will seem to have

8. 2 Major Alliances The Triple Entente Later known as the Allies France
Great Britain
Russia

9. 2 Major Alliances Triple Alliance Later known as the Central Powers
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Italy (later replaced with the Ottoman Empire)

10. The spark

11. Assassination
On June 28, 1914 the Archduke and his wife Sophie, were shot by Gavrilo Princip, a member of the Black Hand- a Serbian nationalist society.

12. Archduke Franz Ferdinand
The nephew of the Emperor Franz Joseph
Was heir to the Austrian throne

13. Let the War Begin!!!!
August 4, Germany invades Belgium on rote to invade France
British and French retreat to the Marne River in France.
By the spring of 1915 two lines of trenches zigzagged across northern and eastern France. Between the lines exists “No Mans Land.”

17. Trench Warfare The advent of the machine gun change warfare.
The battle of Somme- began July 1, 1916.
1.2 million
casualties
Only seven miles of ground changed hands during the 3 month battle

18. American Neutrality
America was divided in support for the War in Europe.
Many Americans emigrated or have descended from the counties involved on both sides of the war.
America still felt sympathy for Great Britain.

19. The British Blockade
The British used its navy to stop Germany from importing goods.
The British mined the North Sea
Stopped the shipment of chemical fertilizers and foodstuffs.
By 1917, famine occurred in Germany, an estimated 750,000 Germans died from starvation.

20. The German U-Boat Response
German submarines stated to sink any ship within the waters of Great Britain.
A total of 75,000 people died in the attacks
The submarine attacks
were used as
propaganda against
the Germans

21. The sinking of the Lusitania

22. The sinking of the Lusitania
On May 7, 1915 a U- boat sank the British liner Lusitania off the shore of Ireland. Out of the 1,198 deaths, 128 were Americans.
German U-boats also sunk the Arabic in July of 1915 (2 U.S. deaths)
German U-boats also sunk the Sussex in March of 1916

23. American Neutrality Collapses
The Zimmermann note:
A telegram sent by Germany to Mexico
Germany promised that if Mexico went o war with U.S. that Germany would support them and that the territories of Texas and New Mexico and Arizona would be given back to Mexico.

24. American Neutrality Collapses
On April 2, 1917 President Wilson deliver his war resolution
By April 6, both the Senate and the House of Representatives passed the resolution.