1. Other important Zooplankton

2. Fig 6.5

3. Pareuchaeta (norvegica)
Large (~8-10 mm) carnivores (tactile) at several hundred meters depth. Active all year

4. Pareuchaeta with egg sack

5. Pseudocalanus (lower) (and Paracalanus)
Pseudocalanus spp, intermediate sized (~1 mm) herbivores
Life cycle with
dormancy at depth
Egg sack
(Calanus spawns
eggs freely)

6. Metridia
Metridia spp; about the same size as Calanus finmarchicus (ominvore, normally extensive DVM, active all year)

7. Oithona
Oithona spp small (< 1mm), omnivores, abundant nearly everywhere

8. Oithona with egg sacks

9. Oncaea sp
Oncea spp, small copepods (< 1 mm) associated with particles (”marine snow”)

10. Oncaea on plankton net

11. Cadocerans, coastal forms (Evadne left; Podon right)

12. Krill

13. Krill species: * 3 important species in NS: in order of size:
Meganyctiphanes norvegica, Thysanoessa inermis, T. longicaudata
* Several different larval types,
each with several stages:
Nauplius->metanauplius->calytopis->furcilia
* Pronounced DVM
* Schooling/swarming occurs
* Macroplankton/Micronekton?

14. Meganyctiphanes norvegica

15. Meganyctiphanes norvegica
* Northern krill (Storkrill)
* Distribution: From Atlantic from
Mediterranean to nearly polar
* Size up to about 40 mm
* Maturity at 1 year in the Oslofjord, 2 years in NS
* Longevity 2-3 years?

16. Meganyctiphanes norvegica
* Omnivorous
* Filter feeding on phytopl.
* Raptorial on zooplankton
* Wide range of prey

17. Thysanoessa inermis

18. Thysanoessa inermis * Distribution: North Atlantic
* Primarily on shelves
* Near bottom during winter?
* Max length 35 mm
* Maturity at 1 y.o.
* Longevity 2-3 yrs

19. Thysanoessa longicaudata
* Distribution: Atlantic/Subarctic
* Basin species
* Max length 20 mm
* Maturity at 1 yrs
* Longevity 2 yrs

20. Krill
* Feeding: Generally omnivorous or herbivorous, T. longicaudata likely largely carnivores
* Filtering basket
* Relatively high clearance rates (vol. Filtered)
* Raptorial on zooplankton

21. Amphipods: Themisto libellula
* Max size about 60 mm
* Arctic distribution
* Direct development of
freeswimming young
(brood chamber)
* Maturity at 2 yrs
* Longevity 2-3 yrs
* Raptorial predator (visual)

23. Pelagic shrimps (Sergestes arcticus)
Carnivores at mesopelagic depth
Normal DVM

24. Sergestes arcticus

25. Other important zooplankton
* Chaetognaths
- Predators
* Cnidaria
- Periphylla
- Holoplanktonic species
- Aurelia/Cyanea

26. Other important zooplankton
* Ctenophores
- Predators
* Pteropods
* Limacina-herbivore
* Clione-carnivore

27. - Filterfeeders - Extremely fine filters - Rapid turnover
Appendicularians
- Filterfeeders
- Extremely fine filters
- Rapid turnover