1. Dr. Susan P. Mains Geography
GE21001 Dynamic Human Worlds Economic Geography, Lecture 3 Globalisation, Inequality and Space (Part 1)
Dr. Susan P. Mains
Geography

2. Lecture Outline Recap from Lecture 3 Defining Globalisation
Forms of Globalisation:
Economic
Maquiladoras
Useful Readings:
*MacKinnon, D. and Cumbers, A. (2007) An Introduction to Economic Geography: globalisation, uneven development and place. London, Pearson Prentice Hall. Chapters 6, 7 and 10.

3. Producers, Products, Places and Consumers
‘invisible’ ecomomies and geographies
e.g., iPad factory production
Poverty: economic and spatial inequalities
Images of poverty: tends to be associated with particular regions/countries
…but, more complex and contradictory
E.g., poverty in the UK

4. Defining Globalisation
Globalisation as a “discourse” of social and spatial relations
Economic, social and political linkages
“uneven” development
quantitatively and qualitatively different 
global village or global image? 
long history of global links

6. Defining Globalisation
Economic Globalisation:
Multi-national corporations
Transnational practices
International division of labour
Sexual division of labour
Area of finance particularly important

7. Defining Globalisation
Economic Globalisation:
technology industries, “footloose” industries
increased capital flows
humans as mobile capital:
migration, seasonal workers,
sex workers, sweatshops
historically: slave trade-constructions of race

8. Defining Globalisation
Economic Globalisation:
Maquiladora factories
End of Bracero programme (1964)
Border Industrialisation Program (BIP)
Foreign-owned factories in Mexico
Tax, duty and infrastructure incentives
Assembly, textile industries
Initially, up to 12 miles south of Mexico-US border
Now expanded into interior
Currently over 3000 companies
Also viewed as part of NAFTA

9. Maquiladoras Maquiladoras at a glance

10. Maquiladoras

11. Defining Globalisation
Economic Globalisation:
Maquiladora factories
End of Bracero programme (1964)
Border Industrialisation Program (BIP)
Foreign-owned factories in Mexico
Tax, duty and infrastructure incentives
Assembly, textile industries
Initially, up to 12 miles south of Mexico-US border
Now expanded into interior
Currently over 3000 companies

12. Defining Globalisation
Economic Globalisation:
Maquiladora factories
Largely female workforce
Repetitive, long hours, low pay unions excluded
Limited transfer of skills
Gender stereotypes of workers
High mortality rates
Hazardous workplaces
Declining environmental conditions
“MAQUILÁPOLIS [City of Factories]“