1. Modern Methods of Solid Household Waste Management
Almaty Waste Management Project – Principal Investment Parameters

2. Project Overview
Project is constituted of the construction of the following facilities in Almaty: Plant for Mechanical and Biological Treatment (MBT) of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), new Sanitary Landfill, and Waste Transfer Station (TS). Project is aimed to the improvement quality and reliability of waste removal services and compliance with environmental standards.
Key principle of applied technology is MSW separation and recovery of recyclable and biodegradable fraction. The latter will be utilized for anaerobic digestion with production of biogas and further combustion of biogas for generation of green energy.
The other Project objective is integrated development of MSW sector in Almaty including institutional reforms to make this sector commercially attractive and bring private investments into its development.

3. Almaty MSW sector at a glance
Population
people
Percentage of population in multi-appartment houses 62 % 
MSW from households (2011)
ton
MSW from commercial sector (2011)
Total volume of MSW (2011)
MSW from households, per capita (2011)
580
kg per pers.
Total MSW per person per day (2011)
1.35
kg per pers. Per day
Number of landfills 4*
Number of waste collecting companies
49**
Percentage of processing/sorting (of total MSW amount) 3 %
Number of containers for separate collection of recyclables
400 
Tariff for households (apartments)
300
KZT/pers./month
Tariff for households (private houses)
341
Tariff for commercial sector
1 412
8 472
KZT per m3
KZT per ton
49 private waste collection companies
Operating main landfill in Karasaiskiy District
Waste collection rate is close to 100%
MSW recycling/treatment rate is only 3%
97% of total collected MSW is delivered to over-filled landfill
Non-operating waste sorting plant (“Vtorma Ecology Co”)
* 80% of MSW are transported to the main landfill in Karasaiskiy District
** Market share of principal MSW collection company (“Tartyp” LLP) is 70%

4. General Principles of MSW management and Technical Concept for Project Implementation
Maximizing of recyclables recovery from waste
Minimizing of biodegradable waste disposal at the landfill
Applying feasible and efficient technologies
Environmental protection and improvement
Tariffs’ affordability for population
Phase implementation of MSW Management System
Compliance with RoK legislation and Environmental Concept
Compliance with objectives of EU Directives related to environmental protection and sustainable development
Technical Concept
Applying waste sorting technology
Anaerobic digestion
Composting
Production of “green energy”
Construction of sanitary landfill equipped with landfill gas collection system
Closure and rehabilitation of old landfills and dumping sites
Upgrade of waste collection system

5. Preferable Option for Waste Treatment and Final Disposal
New sanitary landfill in Iliyskiy District
Transfer Station (TS) and MBT Plant close to the city at the same site together with WWTP
Delivery of whole MSW amount to the MBT Plant and TS located close to the city, integrated treatment of biodegradable fraction of MSW and WWTP sludge

6. Scheme of location of WWTP and new landfill
1 – Site for planned allocation of new sanitary landfill
2 – Area of Almaty Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP);
3 – Boralday Village (the closest big settlement to WWTP);
4 – Almaty city border (traffic junction between “Northern Ring” and Almaty-Kapshagai highways).

7. Waste from other sources
Process flowchart for integrated treatment of MSW biodegradable fraction and WWTP sludge
Waste from households
Waste from other sources
Sludge from WWTP
100%
50%

8. Capital expenditures and utilization of investments according to the preferable Option
CAPEX item
Amount, million USD
Total investments (VAT exclusive)
179.7
Construction of the new sanitary landfill
27.8
Equipment and machinery for the landfill
2.6
Construction of MBT Plant
77.3
Equipment and machinery for MBT Plant
62.4
Construction of TS and vehicles for waste transportation
9.6

9. Operational and financial parameters of the preferable option
Unit
Value
(preferable option)
Total MSW generation,
Tons per year, average for the period
1,125,000
Total waste volume sorted at source,
130,000
Total waste volume directly disposed at the landfill,
495,000
Total MSW volume accepted for MBT
Tons per year
Percentage of recyclables recovery at MBT plant or other facilities,
%, average for the period
6.0
Percentage of residues for disposal (after treatment) of total MSW volume,
80.0
Electricity production - capacity MW
8,6-12,0
Revenue from recyclables (2016)
Million USD
4,4
Revenue from electricity (2016)
20,5
Operational & maintenance costs for the landfill (2016)
3.0
Operational & maintenance costs for MBT Plant (2016)
26,2

10. Tariff implications after implementation of the preferable option
Parameter 
Value
(preferable option)
Tariff for the households, apartments, KZT per person per month (2016, nominal price)
617
Tariff for the households, private houses, KZT per person per month (2016, nominal price)
701
Tariff for commercial enterprises and organisations, KZT per ton (2016, nominal price)
17,400
Share of payments for MSW collection services in per capita income, households - apartments / households – private houses
1.29%/
1.36%
Perskaiciuoti

11. Advantages of MBT Plant location close to the city and WWTP
In case of construction of MBT Plant and TS at the same industrial site within 30 km from the city this option is preferable one since it provides annual cost saving in the amount 1.8 million USD (and even 2.6 million USD if these Facilities are located within 20 km from the city).
In case of construction MBT Plant and TS close to WWTP additional advantages can be achieved. Utilization of biodegradable fractions from WWTP (mainly, the sludge) will significantly increase the generation capacity of green electricity. This will improve the economic and financial results of the Project implementation. In addition, this option will help to achieve rational land use since no additional land plots would be required for the drying and disposal of waste sludge from WWTP.