1. The Periodic Table of the Elements

2. Here’s the man given credit for the organization of the very first periodic table
Dmitri Mendeleev
(born in Russia in 1834)

3. Here’s what it looked like as he was working on it in his science notebook
ME LOVES ME SCIENCE
NOTEBOOK
SORRY…
ENGLISH NOT GOOD

4. Here’s what it looked like once it was published in 1869.
Notice the gaps and uncertain elements.

5. He’s even got his own STAMPS
(you know you’re cool when you have your own stamps…) 5

6. Science TV
Periodic Table - Mendeleev 6

7. Here is a 1 minute and 19 second overview of the Periodic Table:
Periodic Table - Design

8. There are three main regions of the Periodic Table
Metals (on left side)
Nonmetals (on right side)
Metalloids (in between the metals and nonmetals)

9. metals
nonmetals
metalloids

10. An elements position also indicates how reactive it is.
Reactive means how likely it is to undergo a chemical change.
Elements in Groups 1 – 17 are the most reactive.
Elements in Group 18 (Noble Gases) are the least reactive.

11. Least Reactive
Most Reactive

12. Metals – What are they??? Shiny Conducts heat Conducts electricity
Can be pounded or bend (malleable)
Can be stretched (think copper wire)

13. Three Groups of Metals Reactive Metals Found only in Groups 1 and 2
Group 1 is called alkali metals
Group 2 is called alkaline earth metals
Commonly join with other elements

14. Transition Metals Found in Groups 3 through 12
Generally less reactive than other metals
The metals that most people think of
Important to industry (Fe, Cu, W, Pt)
Can be combined to form an alloy
Steel – Fe + Ni, Cr, or Mn
Brass – Cu + Zn
Silver jewelry – Ag + Cu

15. Rare Earth Elements Once thought to exist only in small amounts
Not rare, just hard to find in pure form
Elements 57 through 70 (also called the Lanthanides because they follow the element lanthanum).

17. Science TV
Periodic Table - Metals 17

18. Nonmetals – What are they???
Some are liquids; some are gases
Dull surfaces
Cannot be hammered or bent
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Carbon – graphite vs. diamond
Sulfur – bright yellow solid

19. Groups of nonmetals: Halogens Noble Gases Group 17 elements
Greek word meaning “forming salts”
Easily combines with metals forming salts
Noble Gases
Group 18 elements
Almost never reacts with other elements
Argon gas is in light bulbs because it does not react with the hot tungsten filament

20. Science TV
Periodic Table - Nonmetals 20

21. Metalloids Have properties of both metals and nonmetals
Silicon is the most common metalloid and the 2nd most common element in the earth’s crust
Often used in semiconductors because they will conduct electricity under certain conditions

22. Science TV
Periodic Table - Metalloids 22

24. Radioactivity Fact: protons and neutrons are in the nucleus
Fact: the nucleus is stable when the attractive forces keep it together.
Fact: If an isotope has too many or too few neutrons then it may become unstable
Result – particles are given off from the nucleus to restore the balance (energy is released). This release of energy is called radioactivity.
A Polish physicist named Marie Curie named this process in For the heavier elements (beyond bismuth # 83) all of the isotopes are radioactive.
A few months after this discovery Marie Curie died as a result of leukemia caused by the action of radiation.
What is the name for element # 96? 24

25. And you knows she’s cool when……25

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