1. Balkanization

2. Balkanization - Process of a region breaking up into small, mutually hostile countries (as in the Balkans).
Physical Geography of the Balkans Ethnic map of the former Yugoslavia with political borders

3. Definitions
Nation-state: a state whose territory is occupied by a single ethnic group.
Nationalism: Loyalty and devotion to a particular nationality
Multi-ethnic state: A state that contains multiple ethnic groups.
Multi-national state: State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities.

4. Nation State vs. Multi-national state
Geography Now! Bosnia and Herzegovina