1. Asexual Reproduction
Name the two ways: sex and asex

2. Vocabulary Binary fission Spore Cell cycle Vegetative propagation
Budding
clone

3. Cell Growth and Reproduction
CHAPTER
Cell Growth and Reproduction 2
All organisms are composed of cells.
Some organisms are composed of only one cell (unicellular organisms). Example: bacteria
Some organisms are composed of two or more cells (multicellular organisms). Examples: corn plant flatworm (Planaria) sheep

4. Cell Growth and Reproduction
CHAPTER
Cell Growth and Reproduction 2
Key Ideas
The functions of cell division are growth, repair, and reproduction.
DNA in the nucleus plays a key role in normal cell functions and in cell division.
The cell cycle includes the normal cell functions and cell division.
Mutations in a cell’s DNA can cause diseases, including cancer.
Some organisms reproduce asexually through cell division.

5. Recall Asexual Reproduction:
offspring come from a single parent
Each offspring receives a copy of the parent’s genetic material.
 Offspring are genetically identical to the parent and to each other.

6. The Importance of Cell Division
2.1
Cell division produces new cells to increase the size of the organism.
Cell division produces new cells to replace damaged and old cells.
Organisms use cell division in the process of reproduction.

7. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes both use Asexual Reproduction
Prokaryotic organisms (prokaryotes) are simple, single celled organisms that do not contain a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle.
Eg. Bacteria
Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus. Eukaryotes can be single-celled or multi-celled.
Eg amoebas, paramecium, yeast, plants, fungi, insects, animals

8. The Cell Cycle
2.4
VOCABULARY
cell cycle
interphase
sister chromatids
parent cell
daughter cells
mitosis
cytokinesis
prophase
spindle
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
Cells spend most of their time in interphase growing and performing their specific functions.
Cell division includes mitosis and cytokinesis.

9. All Eukaryotic cells reproduce by the cell cycle
Cell Cycle is a series of events in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA (DNA replication) to produce two daughter cells.
Cell cycle is made up of two stages:
Growth and development stage (interphase)
Cell division stage (mitosis and cytokinesis)
Cells reproduce to replace damaged cells and essential part of life cycle. (producing offspring for single celled ameba.

10. The Cell Cycle Consists of Three Main Stages:
1. Interphase: Growth and development stage.
Cell grows and prepares for division by coping its DNA and organelles
Cell division stage involves:
2. Mitosis -DNA is distributed between two new daughter cells
3. Cytokinesis – the two new daughter cells separate.
Cell reproduction by mitosis results in daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell.

11. The Cell Cycle
2.4
VOCABULARY
cell cycle
interphase
sister chromatids
parent cell
daughter cells
mitosis
cytokinesis
prophase
spindle
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
The stages of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Cytokinesis is the process of dividing the cytoplasm in two, and occurs in different ways in animal and plant cells.
The products of cell division are two genetically identical daughter cells.

12. Interphase The cell grows and the number of organelles increases.
The DNA in the nucleus is copied

13. Phase 1 of Mitosis: Prophase
The nuclear membrane begins to disappear.
DNA condenses into duplicated chromosomes. Each contains two copies of the same DNA

14. Phase 2 of mitosis: Metaphase
Structures called spindle fibres guide chromosomes movement.
Chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell

15. Phase 3 of mitosis: Anaphase
The copies of DNA are separated and go to each end of the cell.

16. Chromatid vs Chromosome

17. Phase 4 of mitosis: Telophase
Two nuclei form and each nucleus contains a complete coy of the cell’s DNA

18. Cytokinesis
The cytoplasm and organelles are divided, and two separate cells form.
The cells then begin interphase

19. Ameoba Sisters video on mitosis
Exit Slip: 
1. How do the traits of the parent and offspring compare to each other in asexual reproduction?  2. What are the benefits and limitations of single-celled organisms that undergo the process of asexual reproduction?3. Humans are constantly shedding dead skin cells.  How do we replace them? 4. An old sequoia tree weighs any tons and has billions of cells.  These trees start out as tiny seeds.  How do these trees become so large?

22. Check your understanding
What happens to the DNA in a cell during interphase? Why is this step important for the reproduction process?
In two or three sentences, describe what the cell cycle is.
1. DNa is copied

24. Onion Cell