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Revelations and the Breaking of the Church

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1 Revelations and the Breaking of the Church
17.2 | The Protestant Reformation Revelations and the Breaking of the Church

2 A Much Needed Reform “Renaissance Popes” Greedy warlords Ambitious
Lack of spiritual guidance

3 How do you obtain this? So what is salvation?

4 Indulgences You could donate to the church and receive an indulgence
Relics Could cut your time in purgatory by 1,000 years Buy indulgences? Is this Christian?

5 Catholic monk who thinks… no
Martin Luther

6 Martin Luther Monk and professor Study of the bible
Wittenberg (Germany) Study of the bible Questioned the “certainty” of salvation Questioned the infallibility of Popes Justification in faith alone

7 Not a rebel, nor a fanatic
But disgusted by indulgences “As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs” Felt that people were hurting their chances at salvation by buying indulgences

8 The Ninety-Five Theses
1517 A.D. | You can just write 95 The Ninety-Five Theses

9 1517 the word spreads The printing press The Pope’s response
Johannes Gutenberg Copying Greek and Roman works Islam’s contribution to preservation The Pope’s response The Diet of Worms 1521 HRE Charles V headed the meeting Luther refuses to change his views Charles brands him an outlaw Luther was “some drunken German who will amend his ways when he sobers up”

10 Luther Gains Support 1521 he is excommunicated
Begins printing his work in German He calls on the German princes to break with Catholic Church The Prince of Wittenberg protects him Other principalities follow suit Luther takes refuge in various cities The German Peasant’s War c.1525

11 Charles V Holy Roman Emperor The Holy Roman Empire Decentralization
Austria The Hapsburgs “Defender of the Faith” Must end this heresy

12 The Reformation Other German states would reform their churches
Protestantism Charles V The Habsburg Dynasty Fights the states that support Luther Issues

13 Switzerland Embraces the Change
Ulrich Zwingli (f. 1525) Fought transubstantiation Anabaptists (rebaptism) Radical, primitive Christianity John Calvin Christian Humanist Predestination Saints and sinners Live like saints, or be a sinner Geneva asks Calvin to lead them Theocracy established 1555 Catholic/Calvinist wars

14 The English Reformation
Reform movements splinter Europe English Reformation Henry VIII Mary Tudor Anne Boleyn Elizabeth Tudor Act of Supremacy 1534 ”the only supreme head on earth of the Church of England” Thomas More – executed for his beliefs Catholic churches destroyed

15 Henry VIII Tudor Dies Edward VI Tudor becomes king but dies shortly after Bloody Mary Tudor Burning of Protestants 1558 dies Elizabeth Tudor becomes Queen 25 yrs old Protestant, but tolerant Would usher in the Elizabethan Era

16

17 German Principalities vs. HRE Charles V | Result
1555 Peace of Augsburg

18

19 The Catholic Reformation
A century of religious war The Catholic Reformation

20 Catholic Reformation Ignatius of Loyola The Council of Trent 1545
The Jesuits Soldiers of God Absolute obedience to the Pope The Council of Trent 1545 Reaffirmed Catholic belief Organized Catholic nations Targeted enemies

21 Religious Persecution
Catholics and Protestants persecuted radicals and outcasts Pressure to conform Jews were expelled or quartered Ghettos

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