1. Global Simulation of CH3Cl

2. Model Description GEOS-CHEM global 3D model (v.5.02)
DAO GEOS-STRAT with simulation year from September August 1997
Resolution: 4 º latitude x 5 º longitude, 26 layers

3. CH3Cl Emissions used in this study
Sources
Gg/year
Data description
Biogenic
2,430
Hypothetical tropical source (Lee-Taylor et al. [2001])
Biomass burning
910
GEIA Inventory (Lobert et al. [1999])
Ocean (net)
660
GEIA Inventory (Khalil et al. [1999])
160
Calculated using saturation anomaly and transfer velocity (Khalil et al. [1999] and Wanninkhof [1992])
Salt marshes
170
Rhew et al. [1999]
Anthropogenic
162
GEIA Inventory (McCulloch et al. [1999])
Wetlands 48
Varner et al. [1999]

4. Emission distributions for northern and southern hemisphere

5. Annual net oceanic flux
Calculated
GEIA Inventory

6. I-a) Concentration comparison between observations and model at six surface stations (1/2)

7. I-a) Concentration comparison between observations and model at six surface stations (2/2)

8. II) Vertical profile comparison between observations and model

9. II) Vertical profile comparison: observations VS. model (1/7)

10. II) Vertical profile comparison: observations VS. model (2/7)

11. II) Vertical profile comparison: observations VS. model (3/7)

12. II) Vertical profile comparison: observations VS. model (4/7)

13. II) Vertical profile comparison: observations VS. model (5/7)

14. II) Vertical profile comparison: observations VS. model (6/7)

15. II) Vertical profile comparison: observations VS. model (7/7)

16. II) Vertical profile comparison between observations and model

17. III-a) Latitude-altitude concentration distributions: observations VS
III-a) Latitude-altitude concentration distributions: observations VS. model for TRACE-P region (east)

18. III-a) Latitude-altitude concentration distributions: observations VS
III-a) Latitude-altitude concentration distributions: observations VS. model for TRACE-P region (east)

19. III-a) Latitude-altitude concentration distributions: comparisons of biomass burning and biogenic CH3Cl to background concentrations for TRACE-P region (east)

20. IV-a) Correlation CH3OH VS. CH3Cl for TRACE-P (east)

21. III-b) Latitude-altitude concentration distributions: observations VS
III-b) Latitude-altitude concentration distributions: observations VS. model for TRACE-P region (west)

22. III-b) Latitude-altitude concentration distributions: observations VS
III-b) Latitude-altitude concentration distributions: observations VS. model for TRACE-P region (west)

23. III-b) Latitude-altitude concentration distributions: comparisons of biomass burning and biogenic CH3Cl to background concentrations for TRACE-P region (west)

24. Global Simulation of CH2O

25. GOME SEP 1996
GEOS-CHME SEP 1997
GEOS-CHEM (inactive OH) without Biogenic emissions

26. STD
Inactive OH
Inact. OH w/o 3-body rxn NO
NO2
PRPE

27. Regional Simulations

28. RCTM GEOS-CHEM
MM5 data assimilation at 70x70km, 20 layers (up to 14 km), and 5 min time step output
Grell scheme with mid-level downdraft
Lightning NOx parameterization by Allen et al. [2000] and Pickering et al. [1998]
The same chemical module as GEOS-CHEM
DAO data assimilation (GEOS-3) at 4°x5°, 48 layers (to 80 km), and 6-hour time step output
Full O3-NOx-HC chemistry with 24 tracers and 120 species [Bey et al., 2001]
Provides initial and boundary trace gas conditions for RCTM

29. 500 mb